游观与入境:从乐郊园看张南垣的创作意图

Travel View and Entry:Looking at Zhang Nanyuan's Creative Intention from Lejiao Garden

文章通过深入分析乐郊园及其相关绘画,探讨明代造园大师张南垣的造园经验和创作意图。文章首先聚焦张南垣创建的乐郊园,从游观体验、入境感受以及构园如画3个维度详细解析了他的造园哲学。张南垣将宋元时期的绘画技艺融入园林设计之中,创造出一种动静结合的游园体验。在他的园林中,静观山水画的经验与游赏园林的动态体验相融合,形成了一种独特的由景入境审美体验,为现代园林设计奠定了重要的理念基础。张南垣园林设计中静态观赏与动态游览的结合不仅丰富了园林的观赏维度,也构成了中国文人园林美学体验的核心。通过对乐郊园的细致考察,文章旨在揭示张南垣园林艺术的深层次意涵,展现其在历史文化遗产中的价值,并为现代园林设计提供启示和灵感。

By analyzing Lejiao Garden and its related paintings,this paper probes into the gardening experience and creative intention of Zhang Nanyuan,the master gardener of Ming Dynasty.The article first focuses on the Lejiao Garden created by Zhang Nanyuan,and analyzes his philosophy of garden construction in detail from three dimensions:tour experience,entry experience and picturesque garden construction.Zhang Nanyuan integrates the painting skills of the Song and Yuan dynasties into the garden design,creating a garden experience that combines movement and movement.In his gardens,the experience of observing landscape paintings and the dynamic experience of visiting gardens are integrated to form a unique aesthetic experience from the scene into the landscape,which lays an important conceptual foundation for modern garden design.The combination of static viewing and dynamic viewing in Zhang Nanyuan's garden design not only enriched the viewing dimension of the garden,but also constituted the core of the aesthetic experience of Chinese literati garden.Through the detailed investigation of Lejiao Garden,the article aims to reveal the deep meaning of ZhangNanyuan's garden art,show its value in the historical and cultural heritage,and provide inspiration for modern garden design.