齐文化人才思想的流风遗韵——以叔孙通“起礼乐”为中心的考察

The Influence on Future Generations of Qi Culture's Talent Ideology——A Study Centered on SHUSUN Tong's"Initiation of Rites and Music"

齐文化人才思想的核心要素为“尊贤上功”的根本指导思想、“大人才观”的选拔标准与“终身树人”的培养思想。通过论证齐国对薛地的长期统治与薛地盛行的礼乐文化与任侠文化、叔孙通“稷嗣君”封号与稷下学风的渊源,可以发现齐文化在薛地长期处于主流地位并影响了身为薛人的叔孙通。通观叔孙通在为汉家“起礼乐”过程中对待人才的方式,本文认为其人才理念与齐文化人才思想基本一脉相承而又有新特征,具体表现为对“大人才观”选拔标准的细化与坚守。叔孙通躬身践行、重视时效的做法,不仅是齐文化“尊贤上功”人才思想的流风所及,也是以稷下学派为代表的、以“务为治”的中华文化精神与先秦士人品格的回响。

The ideology of talent in Qi culture is rich.This paper distills its core elements into four aspects:the fundamental guiding ideology of"respecting the virtuous and promoting the capable";selection criteria of"Great Talent View";the cultivation idea of"lifelong nurturing of talents".This paper believes that Qi culture has long been in a dominant position in Xue and has influenced SHUSUNhusun Tong,who was a Xue person through the following two aspects of argumentation:by demonstrating the long-term influence of Qi culture over Xue and the prevalence of the ritual and music culture and the chivalrous culture in Xue,as well as the origin of SHUSUN Tong's title"Jisi Jun"and the academic style of Ji Xia.By observing SHUSUN Tong's approach to talent in the process of"initiating rites and music"for the Han Dynasty,and by summarizing his ideology of talent,this paper believes that his talent concept is basically in line with the ideology of talent in Qi culture,and also shows new characteristics.The specific manifestation is the five-item refinement and adherence to the"Great Talent View"selection criteria:the wisdom to seek advantages and avoid disadvantages,the courage to innovate,the magnanimity to recommend talents,the insight to assess the situation,and the responsibility to inherit something that is about to become extinct.SHUSUN Tong's practice of talent ideology and his emphasis on timeliness are the talent ideology of Qi culture's influence of the"respecting the virtuous and promoting the capable".And then they are the echo of the spirit of Chinese culture represented by the Jixia school,the spirit of"governing by affairs",and the character of pre-Qin scholars.