痰热腑实证大鼠模型建立的条件探索

Exploration of the approaches to establishing excessive fu-viscera caused by phlegm-heat syndrome rat models

目的设置不同的高脂饮食模式以建立痰热腑实证大鼠模型,探讨不同造模条件对模型质量的影响。方法随机将36只雄性SD大鼠分为A组、B组、C组,每组12只。A组给予普通维持饲料、B组给予高脂饲料、C组给予普通维持饲料+高脂乳剂灌胃,造模周期28 d;于造模的第26天起给予B、C组大鼠自体粪便混悬液灌胃,连续3 d。比较三组大鼠一般指标、舌象指标、粪便指标和血脂水平。结果与A组比较,B、C组大鼠的日均饮食量和饮水量均较少(均P<0.05);B、C组大鼠日均饮食量和饮水量差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。造模第1、2周,三组大鼠体重差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05);造模第3周,A、B两组大鼠体重均大于C组大鼠(均P<0.05);造模第4周,B组、A组、C组大鼠体重依次降低(均P<0.05)。造模第1周,C组大鼠体温低于A、B组(均P<0.05);造模第2周,B组大鼠体温高于A、C组大鼠;造模第3周,B、C组大鼠体温均高于A组;造模第4周,B组大鼠体温高于A、C组大鼠(均P<0.05)。末次灌胃后,B、C组大鼠舌象R、G、B值均低于A组大鼠,B、C组大鼠舌下脉络评分均高于A组大鼠(均P<0.05)。与A组比较,B、C两组大鼠粪便粒数、粪便湿重、Bristol分级量表(BSFS)评分均减少/降低(均P<0.05);B、C组大鼠粪便粒数、粪便湿重、BSFS评分差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。粪便灌胃后,与A组比较,B组血清总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)水平均升高(均P<0.05),C组血清TC、LDL-C水平均升高(均P<0.05);B、C组大鼠血清LDL-C、TC、TG、HDL-L水平差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。结论与普通维持饲料+高脂乳剂灌胃+自体粪便混悬液灌胃法相比,高脂饲料喂养+自体粪便混悬液灌胃法造模能复制出体征症候更明显、稳定性更强、齐同性更好的痰热腑实证动物模型。

Objective To establish excessive fu-viscera caused by phlegm-heat syndrome rat models with different high-fat dietary patterns and explore effects of different modeling approaches on the quality of the models.Methods A total of 36 male SD rats were randomly divided into group A,group B,or group C,with 12 rats in each group.Group A was given normal maintenance feed,group B was given high-fat feed,group C was given normal maintenance feed+high-fat emulsion by gavage,and the modeling cycle lasted for 28 days.From the 26th day of modeling,the rats in groups B and C were given autologous fecal suspension by gavage for 3 consecutive days.The general indexes,indexes for tongue manifestation,fecal indexes,and blood lipids levels were compared between the three groups.Results Compared with group A,the average daily feed intake and water intake of groups B and C were lower(all P<0.05),and there was no statistically significant difference in the average daily feed intake or water intake between groups B and C(all P>0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the body weight among the three groups in the 1st or 2nd week of modeling(all P>0.05);the body weights of groups A and B were higher than that of group C in the 3rd week of modeling(all P<0.05);the body weights of group B,A,and C decreased successively in the 4th week of modeling(all P<0.05).In the 1st week of modeling,the body temperature of group C was lower than those of groups A and B(all P<0.05);the body temperature of group B was higher than those of groups A and C in the 2nd week of modeling;the body temperatures of groups B and C were higher than that of group A in the 3rd week of modeling;the body temperature of group B was higher than those of groups A and C in the 4th week of modeling(all P<0.05).After the last gavage,the R,G,and B values for tongue manifestation in groups B and C were lower than those in group A,and the sublingual venation scores of groups B and C were higher than that of group A(all P<0.05).Compared with group A,the fecal pellets numbers,fecal wet weights,and Bristol Stool Form Scale(BSFS)scores of groups B and C were less/lower(all P<0.05),but there was no statistically significant difference in the fecal pellets number,fecal wet weight,or BSFS score between groups B and C(all P>0.05).After the fecal gavage,compared with group A,the serum levels of total cholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG),and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)in group B were higher(all P<0.05),and the serum levels of TC and LDL-C in group C were higher(all P<0.05);there was no statistically significant difference in serum level of LDL-C,TC,TG,or HDL-L between groups B and C(all P>0.05).Conclusion Compared with the normal maintenance feed+high-fat emulsion by gavage+autologous fecal suspension by gavage,the method of high-fat feed+autologous fecal suspension by gavage can replicate an excessive fu-viscera caused by phlegm-heat syndrome rat model with more obvious signs,stronger stability,and better homogeneity.