安庆市康熙河晚春初夏浮游植物群落特征与水质评价

Phytoplankton Community Characteristics andWater Quality Evaluation of Kangxi River in Anqing City in Late Spring and Early Summer

为了利用浮游植物群落结构特征来评价水质,本文分析了2022年晚春初夏安庆市康熙河的浮游植物。鉴别发现,康熙河共有浮游植物8门、45科、80属、175种,浮游植物绝对丰度为(1.2~4.7)×10^(7) ind.·L^(-1),主要以蓝藻、硅藻和绿藻为主,属于“硅藻-蓝藻-绿藻”型水体;Shannon-Wiener物种多样性指数为2.4~3.2;优势种共9种:小席藻(Phormidium tenue)、梅尼小环藻(Cyclotella meneghiniana)、弯形尖头藻(Raphidiopsis curvata)、拟气球藻(Botrydiopsis arhiza)、尖尾蓝隐藻(Chroomanas acuta)、斯诺衣藻(Chlamydomonas snowiae)、小球藻(Chlorella vulgaris)、四尾栅藻(Scenedesmus quadricauda)和尖针杆藻(Synedra acus)。采用浮游植物丰度法、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数法和优势种法来评价该河流水质,结果显示康熙河水体整体是“中污染”,也有少数点位优于或劣于“中污染”。从营养水平来看,主要为“中营养”,少数点位属于“贫营养”或“贫-中营养”,也有些点位具有“富营养”的风险。

In order to evaluate the water quality of the Kangxi River in Anqing City by the characteristics of the phytoplankton community structure,11 sampling points were set up in the late spring and early summer of 2022,and the phytoplankton in the Kangxi River were sampled and identified for three times.The phytoplankton were discovered a total of 175 species in Kangxi River,which belonged to 8 phyla,45 families and 80 genera,and the absolute abundance of phytoplankton was(1.2~4.7)×10^(7) ind.·L^(-1),mainly composed of Cyanophyta,Diatoma and Chlorophyta,belonging to the“Diatom-Cyanophyta-Chlorophyta algae type”;Shannon-Wiener species diversity index is 2.4~3.2;there are 9 dominant species,including Phormidium tenue,Pyclophylla meneghiniana,Raphidiopsis curvata,Botrydiopsis arhiza,Chloromanas acuta,Chlamydomonas snowiae,Chlorella vulgaris,Scenedesmus quadrricauda and Synedra acus.Phytoplankton abundance method,plankton Shannon-Wiener diversity index method and dominant species method were used to evaluate the water quality.The results showed that evaluation of overall water quality of Kangxi River was in“moderate pollution”level,and there were a few points that were better or worse than that.In terms of nutrition level,it is mainly“mesotrophic waters”,a few sites are“oligotrophic waters”or“oligotrophic-mesotrophic waters”,and some sites are at risk of“the eutrophication”.