全球公共产品视域下大科学工程的全球化有组织科研

Global Organized Research in Large-Scale ScientificEngineering from the Perspective of Global Public Goods

大科学工程是大科学领域的基础研究项目,政治逻辑是民族国家投资建设大科学工程的主要逻辑,通过发挥基础研究的先导性和风险评估功能,将纯科学价值融入到政治逻辑之中。由于大科学工程本质上是一种全球公共产品,具有非竞争性和非排他性特征,先发国家和后发国家在大科学等全球公共产品供给中会产生搭便车和供给不足的难题。大科学工程能够在高端制造、科学研究、人才培养、形象构建、区域均衡和合法性提升方面提供正向效用,随着中国综合国力的提升,需要在风险防控的前提下,通过大科学工程推动国家协同创新体系建设。要实现全球协作的大科学工程持续高质量发展,需要推动大科学工程由政治逻辑转向科学逻辑,将大科学工程全球化协作责任化,创新大科学工程的全球化经费供给机制,对大科学工程全球化有组织科研进行选择性激励。

The big science project is a fundamental research project in the field of big science.The political logic is the main rationale for national investment in the construction of big science project.By leveraging the pioneering and risk assessment functions of basic research,the pure scientific value is incorporated into the political logic.As big science project is essentially global public products with non-competitive and non-exclusive characteristics,there are challenges of free riding and insufficient supply of global public products from both advanced and latecomer countries.Big science project can provide positive effects in high-end manufacturing,scientific research,talent cultivation,image building,regional balance,and legitimacy enhancement.With the improvement of our country s comprehensive national strength,it is necessary for China to promote the construction of a national collaborative innovation system through big science projects,under the premise of risk prevention and control.In order to achieve the sustained and high-quality development of global collaborative big science projects,it is necessary to promote the transformation of big science projects from political logic to scientific logic,internationalize the responsibility for collaborative big science projects,innovate the global funding mechanism for big science projects,and selectively incentivize the organized scientific research of global big science projects.