基于胜任力模型的初级军官团体心理训练方案构建及其效果

Construction of a group psychological training program for junior officers based on competency model and its effectiveness evaluation

目的构建基于胜任力模型的初级军官团体心理训练,并探究其对初级军官的胜任力与心理健康的干预效果。方法采用Delphi法,构建基于胜任力模型的初级军官团体心理训练方案。于2023年10-11月采用方便抽样方法对63名初级军官进行团体心理训练干预,根据随机对照试验设计原则,采用系统随机化法将研究对象分为试验组(n=30)和对照组(n=33)。试验组共参加8次团体心理训练,每周2次,每次团体心理训练时间为90~120 min,对照组不参加训练。分别在训练前、训练结束时使用胜任力测评表、12项一般健康问卷(GHQ-12)、工作绩效量表(Chinese perceived stress scale,CPSS)、大五人格量表(Neuroticism Extraversion Openness Five-Factor Inventory,NEO-FFI)对2组初级军官进行评估。结果①2轮专家咨询结果显示,总回收率为100%,专家权威系数为0.87,2轮专家咨询肯德尔协调系数(ω)分别为0.102(P<0.001)、0.410(P<0.001),变异系数均<0.3,专家咨询结果可靠。②干预后时间主效应结果显示,试验组胜任力总分(P<0.001)、外向性得分(P<0.05)、责任心得分(P<0.01)均显著高于对照组;试验组GHQ-12总分显著低于对照组(P<0.001)。③干预后组别主效应结果显示,试验组外向性得分显著高于对照组(P<0.01)。④干预后时间×组间的交互作用结果显示,试验组胜任力总分(P<0.01)、工作绩效得分(P<0.05)、外向性得分(P<0.05)、宜人性得分(P<0.001)和责任心得分(P<0.01)均显著高于对照组;试验组GHQ-12总分显著低于对照组(P<0.01)。结论基于胜任力模型的初级军官团体心理训练能够显著提升初级军官的胜任力,强化人格特质中的外向性、宜人性和责任心,提升工作绩效。

Objective To construct a group psychological training for junior officers based on competency model and explore its intervention effect on competency and mental health of junior officers.Methods Delphi method was used to construct a group psychological training program for junior officers based on competency model.A total of 63 junior officers were subjected with convenience sampling during October and November 2023.According to the principle of randomized controlled experimental design,the participants were divided into experimental group(n=30)and control group(n=33).The experimental group was given our group psychological training program for totally 8 sessions,90~120 min per session,2 sessions per week,while the control group received no such training.Competency scale,12-item general health questionnaire(GHQ-12),Chinese perceived stress scale(CPSS),and Neuroticism Extraversion Openness Five-Factor Inventory(NEO-FFI)were used to assess the 2 groups before and at the end of intervention.Results①The results of the 2 rounds of expert consultation showed that the total recovery rate was 100%,the expert authority coefficient was 0.87,the Kendall’s coordination coefficients(ω)of the 2 rounds of expert consultation were 0.102(P<0.001)and 0.410(P<0.001),respectively,with a coefficients of variation of<0.3,indicating reliable expert consultation.②The results of post-intervention time main effect indicated that the total score of competence(P<0.001),extroversion score(P<0.05)and responsibility score(P<0.01)were significantly higher,but the total score of GHQ-12 was obviously lower in the experimental group than the control group(P<0.001).③The results of post-intervention group main effects revealed that the extraversion score of the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.01).④The results of the post-intervention time×group interaction displayed that the experimental group had notably higher total competency score(P<0.01),job performance score(P<0.05),extraversion score(P<0.05),agreeableness score(P<0.001)and responsibility score(P<0.01),but lower total GHQ-12 score(P<0.01)than the control group.Conclusion Competency-based modeling group psychological training for junior officers can significantly enhance the competency,strengthen the extroversion,agreeableness and responsibility in personality traits,and thus improve job performance for them.