河南省农业面源污染负荷估算及控制分区

Estimation and control zones of agricultural non-point source pollution load in Henan Province

农业面源污染问题是造成水环境污染的重要原因之一,识别农业面源污染空间分布并进行分区控制是农业面源污染防治的前提。运用清单分析法、等标污染负荷法和聚类分析法对河南省2020年农业面源的污染源、污染物及其空间分布特征进行分析。结果如下:1)河南省农业面源主要污染源为化肥施用和畜禽养殖,污染物COD排放量最大,南阳市排放总量最高;河南省农业面源污染呈较强的区域分异特征,化肥施用污染主要集中在周口市,畜禽养殖以南阳市为最严重;总等标污染指数最高为濮阳市。2)通过聚类分析将河南省划分3个一级面源污染控制分区:高度、中度和轻度风险区,并在此基础上细分为7个二级面源污染控制分区,并针对性地给出了河南省农业面源的防治对策,为河南省农业面源污染的分类管控提供参考依据。

Agricultural non-point source pollution is one of the important causes of water environmental pollution.To identify the spatial distribution of agricultural non-point source pollution and carry out regional control is the premise of agricultural non-point source pollution prevention and control.The pollution sources,pollutants and their spatial distribution characteristics of agricultural non-point sources in Henan Province in 2020 were analyzed by using inventory analysis,equal standard pollution load method and cluster analysis method.The results were as follows:1)the main pollution sources of agricultural non-point sources in Henan Province were chemical fertilizer application and livestock and poultry breeding,and the COD emission of pollutants was the largest,and the total comprehensive emission was the highest in Nanyang City.The pollution of agricultural non-point source showed strong regional differentiation in Henan Province.The pollution of fertilizer application was mainly concentrated in Zhoukou City,and Nanyang City was the most serious in livestock breeding.The highest isostandard pollution index was Puyang City.2)Through cluster analysis,Henan Province was divided into three primary non-point source pollution control zones:high,moderate and mild risk zones,and on this basis,subdivided into seven secondary non-point source pollution control zones,and targeted prevention and control countermeasures for agricultural non-point source pollution in Henan Province were provided to provide reference for the classification and control of agricultural non-point source pollution in Henan Province.