数字普惠金融与种地农户增收——来自种植业全生产链条赋能的证据

Digital Inclusive Finance and Farmer Income Increase:Evidence from the Entire Production Chain Empowerment of the Planting Industry

保障“种地”农户的金融供给和收入,既是普惠金融的应有之义,亦是共同富裕的关键所在,更是巩固粮食安全的根本之策。文章立足于数字普惠金融发展变化的典型事实,基于中国乡村振兴调查(CRRS)数据库中的微观农户数据,考察了数字普惠金融的发展对“种地”农户收入的影响,并从赋能种植业生产链的视角解构了其中的作用机制。研究表明,数字普惠金融近年的发展显著提高了农户的种植业收入,且这种影响主要来自数字普惠金融服务深度的增加;数字普惠金融对农户种植业收入的积极影响主要体现在粮食主产区和普通小农户样本中,在非粮食主产区和家庭农场的样本中并不显著;机制分析结果表明,数字普惠金融通过影响种植业生产链各环节的社会化服务购买,提高了土地生产效率,增加了农户的种植业收入,但这种作用机制在粮食主产区和普通小农户的样本中有所差异。文章的研究在一定程度上对深化农村数字普惠金融服务、保障“种地”农户收入和推进农业高质量发展提供了经验证据和政策启示。

Based on the typical facts of the development and change of digital financial inclusion,this paper empirically exam⁃ines the impact of the development of digital financial inclusion on farmers′farming income based on the micro-farming household data in the China Rural Revitalization Survey(CRRS)database.The possible contributions of this paper are:first,focusing on"land-growing"farmers and examining the impact of the development of digital inclusive finance on farmers′in⁃come from cultivation,in an attempt to structure the logic of"inclusive finance-farmers′income"and provide more represen⁃tative empirical evidence;second,providing more representative empirical evidence;second,focusing on"land-growing"farmers and examining the impact of the development of digital inclusive finance on farmers′income from cultivation.Second,following the theme of the study,we have carefully examined the impact of digital inclusive finance on the main grain produc⁃ing areas and ordinary small farmers,which not only deepens our understanding of the relationship between inclusive finance and common wealth,but also explores the impact on the planting income of farmers in the main grain producing areas,which can provide a practical basis for improving the income of grain farmers and maintaining their motivation and provide policy recommendations,which is conducive to guaranteeing national food security.Third,from the perspective of empowering the production chain of the plantation industry,we explored the logical chain between"digital inclusive finance-purchasing so⁃cialized services-farmers′income from plantation industry",and looked at the impacts on farmers′incomes from cultivating land,sowing,dosing,applying fertilizer,draining and irrigating water,and plantation income in the main food-producing ar⁃eas.Fourth,based on the objective facts of the development of digital financial inclusion,unlike the previous literature,this paper adopts the growth rate of digital financial inclusion index as a proxy variable for the development of digital financial in⁃clusion,which more accurately reflects the impact of changes in digital financial inclusion on farmers′income from farming in recent years.changes on farmers′plantation income.After theoretical and empirical analysis,this paper draws the following conclusions:first,the development of digital fi⁃nancial inclusion in recent years has significantly increased the farming income of farmers,and this impact mainly comes from the increase in the depth of digital financial inclusion services;second,the positive impact of digital financial inclusion on the farming income of farmers is mainly reflected in the main grain producing areas,and the increase in the breadth and depth of the service significantly increases the farming income of farmers in the main producing areas.the cultivation income of farmers in the main production areas.In addition,the increase in the breadth of digital inclusive financial services has achieved coverage of disadvantaged,small and micro groups and significantly increased the cultivation income of ordinary small farmers;third,digital inclusive finance has empowered agricultural production and helped farmers increase their in⁃come by providing a source of funding for the purchase of socialized services in all aspects of cultivation production,and the mechanism of this effect is slightly different in the samples of the main grain producing areas and ordinary small farmers.To a certain extent,the research in this paper provides empirical evidence and policy implications for deepening digital inclusive financial services in rural areas,safeguarding the incomes of"land-growing"farmers and promoting high-quality agricultural development.