儿童体部放疗模拟定位CT扫描参数优化

Optimization of simulated localizable CT scanning parameters for pediatric body radiotherapy

目的:在满足儿童放疗对模拟定位图像质量要求的前提下,通过模体扫描优化模拟定位CT参数设置,以降低放射辐射剂量。方法:使用Cat Phan700模体模拟儿童体部,使用飞利浦24排大孔径螺旋模拟定位CT,在不同毫安秒(mAs)和不同管电压(kV)下扫描模体获取CT图像。mAs范围设置60~400 mAs,每间隔20 mAs进行1次扫描,kV设置80、100、120 kV。图像评价参数包括图像噪声N_(10)和SD均值、均匀性、低对比度分辨率、高对比度分辨率和Air、Acrylic、50%bone、LDPE、20%bone、Teflon、Polystyrene、Delrin^(TM)、Lung、PMP、Water等物质的HU值稳定性。读取模拟定位CT系统自动计算的CTDIVol和DLP以评价辐射剂量。结果:在100 kV条件下,随着mAs增加,CTDI和DLP均呈上涨趋势,数据拟合均为线性关系,斜率分别为0.0345和0.9324。随mAs增加,图像噪声呈非线性下降趋势,mAs从60增加到140 mAs时,N_(10)和SD分别从0.25%和3.74 HU下降到0.14%和2.54 HU,当mAs≥180 mAs,N_(10)在0.10%~0.12%波动,SD均值在2.0~2.5HU波动,下降趋势明显变缓。当mAs从60 mAs增加到200 mAs时,图像低对比度分辨率迅速从0.53降低到0.29。图像均匀性、高对比度分辨率、不同物质HU值,受mAs影响较小。不同管电压扫描结果相比,100 kV、200 mAs的图像质量与120 kV结果相当,80 kV的图像质量无法达到临床要求。结论:为保证辐射剂量尽可能降低,对于模拟直径20 cm的圆柱体,管电压设置为100 kV时,mAs应选择在200 mAs。在实际儿童放疗模拟定位扫描中,可根据该模体结果和儿童的实际体型特征,微调扫描参数设置,以满足辐射防护最优化原则。

Objective On the premise of meeting the image quality requirements of simulated location for pediatric radiotherapy,the simulated localizable CT parameters are optimized through phantom scanning to reduce the radiation dose.Methods CatPhan700 phantom was used to simulate the child's body,Philip 24-row large-aperture spiral simulated localizable CT was performed,and the CT images were obtained by scanning the phantom at different mAs and tube voltages.The mAs range was set at 60-400 mAs,the scanning was performed every 20 mAs interval,and the kV was set at 80,100,and 120 kV.Image evaluation was carried out using parameters such as image noise(N_(10)and mean SD),uniformity,low contrast resolution,high contrast resolution,and the stabilities of HU values of Air,Acrylic,50%bone,LDPE,20%bone,Teflon,Polystyrene,Delrin^(TM),Lung,PMP and Water.The CTDIVol and DLP automatically calculated by the simulated localizable CT system were read to evaluate the radiation dose.Results At 100 kV,as mAs increased,both CTDI and DLP showed upward trends,and the fitting results were linear correlated,with slopes of 0.0345 and 0.9324.Image noise was decreased nonlinearly with the increasing mAs.When mAs increased from 60 to 140 mAs,N_(10)decreased from 0.25%to 0.14%,and SD reduced from 3.74 HU to 2.54 HU.When mAs reached 180 mAs or higher,N_(10)fluctuated between 0.1%and 0.12%,the mean SD fluctuated between 2.0 and 2.5 HU,and the downward trends obviously slowed down.When mAs increased from 60 to 200 mAs,the low contrast resolution of the image dropped from 0.53 to 0.29.The image uniformity,high contrast resolution and HU values of different substances were less affected by mAs.The image quality of 100 kV and 200 mAs scanning was close to that of 120 kV scanning,but the image quality of 80 kV scanning failed to meet the clinical requirements.Conclusion In order to reduce the radiation dose as much as possible,the mAs should be set at 200 mAs when the tube voltage is set at 100 kV for a simulated cylinder with a diameter of 20 cm.In the actual simulation scanning for pediatric radiotherapy,the scanning parameters should be fine-tuned according to the phantom results and the actual physical characteristics of children to satisfy the optimization principle for radiation protection.