基于AHP-TRIZ的铁路运营隧道病害治理台车方案设计研究

Scheme Design of Trolley for Disease Control of Operational Railway Tunnel Based on Analytic Hierarchy Process-TRIZ

为解决现有技术中人工现场临时搭拆脚手架耗时费力、成本高、效率低的问题,采用AHP(analytic hierarchy process)-TRIZ多理论集合方法,开展铁路运营隧道病害治理台车方案设计。基于层次分析法(AHP),梳理铁路运营隧道病害治理台车的设计要素,并对各设计要素的权重进行计算和排序,得出各设计要素权重由大到小排序为强度和刚度大>防溜车和应急回收>快速展开与收缩>防护栏>钢拱架机械化安装>快速进场和退场=非工作状态尺寸小>全断面作业平台>障碍物识别>自适应展开。根据权重大小排序,结合病害治理施工边界条件,确定防护栏、防溜车和应急回收、强度和刚度大、快速进场和退场、非工作状态尺寸小、快速展开与收缩、全断面作业平台、钢拱架机械化安装8个设计要素。依据AHP评价结果,将设计要素两两对比,构建设计要素间的矛盾矩阵,对设计要素之间存在的物理矛盾和技术矛盾进行描述,借助TRIZ理论,明确解决上述矛盾的原理,进而设计台车方案,并基于台车方案研制设备样机。研究表明:1)采用AHP法和TRIZ理论,能够对收集到的功能需求进行相对客观的分析,并能找到解决设计要素之间矛盾的方案;2)基于AHP-TRIZ理论设计的铁路运营隧道病害治理台车具有较好的断面适应性。

Existing technologies for scaffold construction in operational railway tunnels present multiple disadvantages,including time consumption,high cost,and low construction efficiency.To address these issues,the analytic hierarchy process(AHP)-TRIZ multitheory set method has been utilized to develop a disease treatment trolley scheme.Utilizing AHP,the critical design elements of the trolley are identified,and their weights are calculated and ranked as follows:B3>B2>C3>B1>D2>C1=C2>D1>D4>D3.Based on this ranking and the boundary conditions for disease control construction,eight design elements are prioritized:protective barriers,equipment antislip and emergency recovery,high strength and stiffness,rapid entry and exit,compact nonworking size,quick expansion and contraction,full-section operational platform,and mechanized installation of steel arch frames.Through pairwise comparison of design elements and construction of a contradiction matrix,physical and technical contradictions are identified and addressed using TRIZ theory,which clarifies the principles for resolving these contradictions.Subsequently,a trolley scheme is designed,and a prototype is developed.These findings indicate that the AHP-TRIZ method provides an objective analysis of functional requirements and effectively resolves conflicts between design elements,leading to a trolley that exhibits excellent cross-sectional adaptability.