抗战时期新四军向民众借用钱款物资问题研究

Research on Borrowing Money and Materials from the People by the New Fourth Army during the War of Resistance Against Japan

抗战时期,国民政府配发的军饷物资远远不能满足新四军的需要,新四军被迫通过自筹方式来解决后勤供应不足的问题。向民众借用钱款物资是新四军在迫不得已的情况下所采取的一种临时性的应急措施。新四军通过各种有效手段,向民众借用了钱、粮、枪支弹药、土地和其他物资,改善了新四军给养缺乏的处境。在借款借物过程中,有些地方出现了采取强制性手段、随意打白条、损坏和丢失所借物品等过激的做法,使民众对新四军产生误解和疏离。新四军正视问题,积极采取还款、赔偿、道歉等许多针对性措施,及时弥补了军民关系的裂痕,使借用钱款物资成为抗战时期新四军解决给养问题的一种“非主要”的有效的方式。

During the War of Resistance Against Japan,the military supplies distributed by the national government could not meet the needs of the New Fourth Army,and the New Fourth Army was forced to solve the problem of insufficient logistics supply through self-financing.Borrowing money and materials from the people was a temporary emergency measure taken by the New Fourth Army under the circumstances of necessity.Through various effective means,the New Fourth Army borrowed money,food,guns and ammunition,land and other materials from the people,which improved the situation of the New Fourth Army’s lack of supplies.In the process of borrowing,some places had taken coercive means,random scrip,damage and loss of borrowed items and other extreme practices,so that the people had misunderstanding and alienation of the New Fourth Army.The New Fourth Army faced up to the problem and actively took many targeted measures such as repayment,compensation,apology,etc.,which made up the rift in the relationship between the military and the people in time,and made borrowing money and materials become a“non-major”effective way for the New Fourth Army to solve the problem of supplies during the War of Resistance Against Japan.