大白菜收获机研究现状及发展对策

Research Status of Chinese Cabbage Harvester and Counter-measures for Its Development

结合我国不同地区的种植特点,进行大白菜收获机设计开发,已成为我国大白菜机械化生产的重要任务。本文重点介绍了目前国内外出现的主要大白菜收获设备,阐述了其主要的工作结构与基本性能参数,同时对目前国内的主要大白菜栽培方式进行论述,提出了当前大白菜机械化收割所面临的国外机械与农艺不匹配、国内种植农艺不统一、种植规模散乱和经济效益低等问题,并提出了统一种植模式、进行机器关键组件设计提高收获质量减少收获损伤、进行机械通用化及自动化设计、改进加工制造减少成本等方面的发展对策。

Combining the planting characteristics of different regions in China,the design and development of Chinese cabbage harvesting machines has become an important task for mechanized production of Chinese cabbage in China.This paper mainly introduced the major Chinese cabbage harvesting equipments at home and abroad,and described their main working structure and basic performance parameters.At the same time,the paper expounded the main cultivation methods for Chinese cabbage at present and put forward several issues facing the mechanized harvesting of Chinese cabbage at present,including the mismatching between foreign machinery and local agronomy,disunity of domestic planting agronomy,scattered planting scale and low economic benefit,etc.The paper also proposed countermeasures for future development,such as uniforming planting pattern;designing key components of machine to improve harvest quality and reduce harvest damage;conducting machinical generalization and automation design to improve processing and manufacturing and reduce cost,etc.