中药活性成分治疗血管性痴呆的研究进展

Research Progress of Active Ingredients of Chinese Medicine in the Treatment of Vascular Dementia

血管性痴呆(Vascular dementia,VD)是阿尔茨海默病后痴呆最常见的病因之一,损害了大脑的高级皮层过程,导致继发性局灶性神经元损伤和不可逆的组织损失。随着人口日益老龄化和心血管代谢危险因素的激增,血管性痴呆已成为一个严重的公共卫生问题。中药具有多成分、多途径、多靶点的作用特点,对于治疗病理机制复杂的脑血管性痴呆具有独特的优势和潜力。文章以中药萜类、黄酮类、生物碱类、酚类等活性成分及其作用机制与靶点为切入点,对近10年来发现的具有抗VD作用的中药活性成分进行综述,以期为血管性痴呆治疗药物的进一步科学开发和应用提供参考依据。

Vascular dementia(VD)is one of the most common causes of dementia after Alzheimer’s disease.It damages the advanced cortical process of the brain,resulting in secondary focal neuronal damage and irreversible tissue loss.With the rapid increase of aging population and cardiovascular metabolic risk factors,it has become a serious public health problem.Chinese medicine has the charac-teristics of multi-component,multi-channel and multi-target,and has unique therapeutic advantages and potential for the treatment of cerebrovascular dementia with complex pathological mechanisms.Based on the active components of terpenoids,flavonoids,alka-loids,phenols and their mechanism of action and targets,the active components of Chinese medicine with anti-VD effect found in the past decade were reviewed,in order to provide reference for the further scientific development and application of vascular dementia drugs.