超声检查在乳腺结节良恶性病变鉴别诊断中的应用价值

Application Value of Ultrasonography in the Differential Diagnosis of Benign and Malignant Breast Nodules

目的研究超声检查在乳腺结节良恶性病变鉴别诊断中的应用价值。方法选取2021年1月-2023年1月宜春新建医院诊治的60例乳腺结节患者为研究对象,均进行超声检查,分析超声检查乳腺结节良恶性病变影像学特点、血流参数[血流阻力指数(RI)、血流搏动指数(PI)、峰值流速(Vmax)];以病理检查结果为金标准,比较超声检查对乳腺结节良恶性病变鉴别诊断价值(诊断准确率、敏感度、特异度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值),并统计良恶性乳腺结节血流检出率。结果超声检查中乳腺良性结节超声征象与恶性结节比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);恶性乳腺结节者RI、PI、Vmax均高于良性乳腺结节者(P<0.05);超声鉴别乳腺结节良恶性病变诊断准确率为91.67%、敏感度为94.29%、特异度为88.00%,阳性预测值为91.67%,阴性预测值91.67%;超声检查恶性乳腺结节血流检出率为84.00%,高于良性乳腺结节血流检出率的62.86%(P<0.05)。结论超声检查对乳腺结节良恶性病变鉴别具有较高的诊断效能,可通过超声征象特点、血流检出率、血流定量参数等提供可靠、丰富的鉴别依据,进而提高鉴别诊断价值。

Objective To study the application value of ultrasonography in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant breast nodules.Methods Sixty patients with breast nodules diagnosed and treated in Yichun Xinjian Hospital from January 2021 to January 2023 were selected as the research objects.All patients were examined by ultrasonography.The imaging characteristics and blood flow parameters of benign and malignant lesions of breast nodules examined by ultrasonography[blood flow resistance index(RI),blood flow pulsation index(PI),peak flow velocity(Vmax)]were analyzed.The results of pathological examination were used as the gold standard to compare the value of ultrasonography in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant breast nodules(diagnostic accuracy,sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value,negative predictive value),and the detection rate of blood flow in benign and malignant breast nodules was counted.Results There was a statistically significant difference between the ultrasound signs of benign breast nodules and malignant nodules(P<0.05).RI,PI and Vmax of malignant breast nodules were higher than those of benign breast nodules(P<0.05).The diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound in differentiating benign and malignant breast nodules was 91.67%,the sensitivity was 94.29%,the specificity was 88.00%,the positive predictive value was 91.67%,and the negative predictive value was 91.67%.The detection rate of blood flow in malignant breast nodules by ultrasonography was 84.00%,which was higher than 62.86%in benign breast nodules(P<0.05).Conclusion Ultrasonography has a high diagnostic efficiency in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant breast nodules.It can provide reliable and rich differential basis through the characteristics of ultrasound signs,blood flow detection rate and quantitative parameters of blood flow,so as to improve the value of differential diagnosis.