建筑屋顶光伏与太阳能集水器综合效益评价

Evalnation on comprehensive benefits of integrating building rooftop photovoltaics and solar water collectors

安装光伏和太阳能集热器都会对环境产生积极影响,因为它们在减少碳排放的同时还能带来外部经济效益。不过,与光伏发电相比,太阳能集热器的转换效率更高,生命周期碳排放量更低。由于集热器和光伏发电的储能方式和目的不同,在建筑屋顶安装光伏或太阳能集热器应根据具体情况决定。为了确定建筑适合安装节能系统的类型,文章对内蒙古科技大学研究生公寓楼屋顶太阳能集热器从碳排放、产热水量、节电量、经济性和能源浪费率5个角度进行逐一分析,此外还设计了光伏系统、太阳能集热器系统和光伏耦合系统,并利用模糊综合评价法对3个能源系统进行了进一步的综合评价,最后分别讨论了影响这3种系统性能的因素,并就是否在建筑屋顶安装光伏或太阳能集热器提出了建议。最终结果显示太阳能集热器、光伏集热器耦合系统和光伏得分别为74.32、71.4和63.4,隶属度分别为0.622、0.574和0.841。

Installing both photovoltaics and solar collectors has positive environmental impact,as they reduce carbon emissions while providing external economic benefits.However,solar collectors have a higher conversion efficiency and lower lifecycle carbon emissions compared to photovoltaics.Since collectors and photovoltaic energy have different storage methods and purposes,the decision to install either photovoltaics or solar collectors on building rooftops should be based on the specific circumstances.In this paper,a detailed examination of the rooftop solar collectors within the graduate apartment building of Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology is pnt forward various critical factors are analyzed,namely carbon emissions,heat generation,energy savings,economic viability,and energy waste rate.Furthermore,the performance of three solar energy systems:the photovoltaic system,solar collector system,and photovoltaic coupled system are assessed.To arrive at a comprehensive evaluation,the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method are employed for these systems.Ultimately,our findings demonstrate that the collector system achieves the highest score in terms of performance and effectiveness..The factors influencing the performance of these three systems are discussed individually,leading to recommendations regarding whether to install photovoltaics or solar collectors on building rooftops.