钢铁企业危废调研及焚烧优化应用

Investigation and optimization of incineration ofhazardous waste in iron and steel enterprises

钢铁企业产生的危废种类繁多、成分复杂,目前缺少一种普适性的处置工艺,且企业对危废的组成特征不明确,增加了处置难度。通过对钢铁企业危废的来源和物料成分进行分析,着重研究了钢铁企业含铁油泥焚烧产生的炉渣和飞灰的特性。结果表明:1)钢铁企业危废以污泥为主,具有含铁量高、灰分含量高的特点,适合采用低温控氧焚烧工艺,以减少窑渣结块,并保留部分固定碳作为烧结补充燃料;2)含铁油泥炉渣的Fe含量高,适合作为烧结炼铁的原材料;3)含铁油泥的焚烧飞灰的Fe和ZnO含量高,可先进行高温除锌,再作为烧结炼铁的原材料。

There are many types of hazardous wastes produced by iron and steel enterprises,and the composition of hazardous wastes is complex.At present,there is a lack of a universal disposal process,and the composition characteristics of hazardous waste are not clear,which increases the difficulty of disposal.By analyzing the sources and material composition of hazardous waste from steel enterprises,with a particular focus on the characteristics of the slag and fly ash produced from the incineration of iron-containing oily sludge.The results indicate the following:1)The hazardous waste from steel enterprises is mainly sludge,characterized by high iron content and high ash content,which is suitable for a low-temperature controlled oxygen incineration process.This process helps to reduce the agglomeration of kiln slag and retains some fixed carbon that can be used as supplementary fuel for sintering;2)The slag from iron-containing oily sludge has a high iron(Fe)content,making it suitable as raw material for sintering ironmaking;3)The fly ash from the incineration of iron-containing oily sludge has high contents of iron(Fe)and zinc oxide(ZnO).It can be treated by first undergoing a high-temperature de-zincification process,and then used as raw material for sintering ironmaking.