液压挖掘机斗杆内收流量分配节能设计

Energy Saving Design for Internal Flow Distribution of Hydraulic Excavator Arm Rod

为解决小型挖掘机挖掘工况(正负载)下斗杆内收速度慢、系统压力高、存在溢流损失等问题,提出一种斗杆内收节能系统,挖掘工况下,使斗杆内收通过节能阀回油,即斗杆内收流量不再生时增大回油面积。给出了该节能系统工作原理和仿真参数,基于AMESim搭建了斗杆内收节能系统仿真模型,对比仿真了有无节能阀系统的斗杆内收速度、压力、流量等动态特性,分析了节能阀直径对斗杆内收动态特性的影响效果,进行了系统实际应用可行性分析,挖掘机整机测试有效验证了仿真结论。结果表明:引入节能阀,斗杆内收速度增加18%,斗杆油缸进油压力降低65%;节能阀直径对斗杆内收系统输出流量、回油总流量、系统压力影响不大;通过挖掘机整机测得斗杆内收速度提高19%。

In order to solve the problems of the slow arm retraction,the high system pressure and the overflow loss under the excavation conditions,an arm retraction energy-saving system is proposed.Under the excavation condition or positive load,the return oil of the arm retraction returns through the energy-saving valve.That is,the return oil area is increased when the stick retraction flow is not regenerated.The energy-saving system working principle and simulation parameters are given.Based on AMESim,the arm retraction energy-saving system simulation model is built.The characteristics of the stick retraction speed,pressure and flow of the system with and without the energy-saving valve are compared and simulated.The effect of the diameter of the energy-saving valve on the arm retraction dynamic characteristics is analyzed.The feasibility analysis of the system practical application is carried out.The simulation conclusion was verified through testing the entire excavator.The results show that:the energy-saving valve is introduced,the arm retraction speed increases by 18%,and the arm cylinder oil inlet pressure decreases by 65%;the energy-saving valve diameter has little influence on the output flow,total return oil flow and system pressure.According to the excavator,measurement,the arm rod internal retraction speed can be increased by 19%.