从数字鸿沟到数字包容:老年人参与乡村公共数字文化服务的推进路径

From Digital Divide to Digital Inclusion:Ways to Promote the Participation of the Elderly in Rural Public Digital Cultural Services

数字包容是弥合乡村老年人数字鸿沟与共享数字红利的价值选择与价值旨归。数字赋能老年人参与乡村公共数字文化服务的实质是供给与用户需求适配关系“分解”和“重构”的双向过程,旨在提升老年人参与乡村公共文化服务的契合性、可及性与均等性。老年人接受乡村公共数字文化服务过程中存在物质接入、技能使用与使用效果上的不平等,并形成主观抗拒与客观难题所带来的接入鸿沟、技术桥接失灵,社会支持缺乏所带来的使用鸿沟,以及文化反哺减弱与信息素养低所带来的知识鸿沟。因此,要以三元交互决定论为模型参照进行个体赋能,激活内生潜能,提升数字接入能力;社会赋能,驱动外部资源,提升数字使用能力;环境赋能,健全支持体系,提升数字获取能力。

Digital inclusion is the value choice and value purport to bridge the digital gap and share the digital dividend for the rural elderly.The essence of digital empowerment of the elderly to participate in rural public digital cultural services is a two-way process of"decomposition"and"reconstruction"of the adaptation relationship between supply and user demand,aimed at improving the compatibility,accessibility and equality of the elderly's participation in rural public cultural services.In the process of the elderly's participation in rural public digital cultural services,there is inequality in material access,skill use and use effect,and there is an access gap caused by subjective resistance and objective problems,a use gap caused by technical bridging failure and lack of social support,and a knowledge gap caused by weakened cultural feedback and low information literacy.Therefore,it is necessary to use the ternary interaction determinism as a model reference for individual empowerment to activate the endogenous potential and enhance the ability of digital access;social empowerment to drive external resources and enhance the ability of digital use;and environmental empowerment to improve the support system and enhance the ability of digital access.