贸易便利化与企业技术创新

Trade Facilitation and Enterprise Technological Innovation

贸易便利化改革是解决贸易壁垒的新方向,对于整合全球创新资源提升企业创新能力具有重要作用。选取中国上市公司的微观数据以及地区层面的贸易便利化数据,系统探讨贸易便利化与企业技术创新之间的关系。研究发现:贸易便利化水平的改善显著提升了企业专利申请的数量和质量,主要的影响路径包括促进技术溢出和增加市场竞争,其中市场竞争只能在规模较大的企业当中实现。同时,贸易便利化还能够显著弱化寻租对企业创新的扭曲影响,对消除寻租负面产物具有积极作用。异质性检验进一步发现,在知识产权保护更完善的地区、资本品中间品进口依赖程度更高的行业以及国有企业中,贸易便利化的创新激励效应更加突出。

Trade facilitation is an important practice to solve hidden barriers to trade,and it plays an important role in integrating global innovation resources to enhance the enterprises innovation capability.Using the micro data of Chinese listed enterprises and the trade facilitation data at the regional level,this paper systematically discusses the relationship between trade facilitation and enterprise innovation.The study found that the improvement of trade facilitation level significantly increased the patent quantity and quality.The main ways of trade facilitation affecting enterprise innovation include promoting technology spillovers and increasing market competition,which market competition can only be achieved among large-scale enterprises.Facilitation can also weaken the positive impact of rent-seeking on corporate innovation distortions,and it plays a positive role in eliminating the negative products of rent-seeking.The heterogeneity test further found that the innovation incentive effect is more prominent in state-owned enterprise,better intellectual property protection regions and industries with a higher dependence on intermediate and capital goods import.