中国服务贸易开放与制造业对外价值链关联

China’s Service Trade Openness and the External Value Chain Linkage of Manufacturing Industry

在理论阐释服务贸易开放影响中外双边价值链关联紧密度的基础上,利用中国制造业行业数据检验了影响效果及作用机制。研究发现:服务贸易开放程度的提高有利于促进中外价值链关联紧密度的提升,该结论经过一系列稳健性检验依然成立。机制检验发现,服务贸易开放主要通过贸易成本削减效应和技术创新效应影响双边价值链关联。异质性分析表明,服务贸易开放引致的价值链关联效应在低技术制造业行业、发展中国家中更为显著,并且表现出较强的“地理邻近性”特征,即与亚洲国家间的价值链关联效应更为突出。拓展分析发现,国家数字基础设施水平在服务贸易开放对中外双边价值链关联的促进效应中存在显著的正向调节作用。研究结论意味着推动服务业高水平开放、完善数字基础设施建设是推动我国制造业深度参与全球价值链分工,提升国际产业链竞争力的重要抓手。

Based on the theoretical explanation of the impact of China’s service trade openness on the closeness of bilateral value chain linkages between China and foreign countries,this paper empirically tests the impact effect and mechanism by using the data of Chinese manufacturing industry.The study finds that the improvement of China’s service trade openness in service is conducive to the improvement of the correlation tightness of Chinese and foreign value chains,and this conclusion is still valid after a series of robustness tests.The mechanism test shows that the opening of trade in services mainly affects the bilateral value chain correlation through the effects of trade cost reduction and technological innovation.Heterogeneity analysis shows that the value chain correlation effect caused by the opening of service trade is more significant in low-tech manufacturing industries and developing countries,and shows strong characteristics of“geographical proximity”.That is,the value chain correlation effect with Asian countries is more prominent.The extended analysis shows that the level of national digital infrastructure has a significant positive moderating effect on the promotion effect of service trade openness on bilateral value chain linkages between China and foreign countries.The empirical conclusions imply that promoting the high-level opening of the service industry and improving the construction of digital infrastructure are important measures to promote China’s manufacturing industry to deeply participate in the division of labor in the global value chain and enhance the competitiveness of the international industrial chain.