数字化转型对制造业企业创新效率的门槛效应研究

Research on the Threshold Effect of Digital Transformation on Innovation Efficiency of Manufacturing Enterprises

数字化转型可以突破研发资源配置时空边界,赋能制造业企业创新发展,但潜在的数字鸿沟问题也可能会加剧企业创新的不确定性。鉴于此,利用文本挖掘技术构造数字化转型指数,系统考察数字化转型对制造业企业创新效率的影响效应及作用机制,并选取2007—2022年中国A股制造业上市公司的微观数据进行实证分析。研究发现:数字化转型对制造业企业创新效率具有显著的门槛效应;对于大多数制造业企业来说,其数字化转型水平低于门槛值,数字化转型是提升制造业企业创新效率的助力,而非阻力;人力资本和公司治理是数字化转型影响制造业企业创新效率的传导路径。进一步研究发现,数字化转型对创新效率的门槛效应在国有企业和资本技术密集型制造业企业中更明显。研究结论为合理评估中国制造业推进数字化转型战略的实施效果提供了新视角,对国家充分发挥数字化转型战略与创新驱动发展战略的合力效应也具有政策启示意义。

Digital transformation can break through time and space constraints on R&D resource allocation and enable manufacturing enterprises to innovate,but the potential digital divide may exacerbate innovation uncertainty.However,the potential digital divide will increase the difficulty of collaboration and aggravate the uncertainty of innovation.In view of this,this paper uses text mining technology to construct digital transformation index,systematically investigates the effect and mechanism of digital transformation on innovation efficiency of manufacturing enterprises,and selects micro-data of listed Chinese A-share manufacturing companies from 2007 to 2022 for empirical analysis.The results show that there is a significant threshold effect of digital transformation on innovation efficiency of manufacturing enterprises.For most manufacturing enterprises,their level of digital transformation is lower than the threshold,and digital transformation is a help to improve the innovation efficiency of manufacturing enterprises,rather than a resistance.Human capital and corporate governance are the transmission pathways through which digital transformation affects the innovation efficiency of manufacturing enterprises.Further research has found that the threshold effect of digital transformation on innovation efficiency is more pronounced in state-owned enterprises and capital technology intensive manufacturing enterprises.The research conclusion provides a new perspective for reasonably evaluating the implementation effect of China's manufacturing industry's digital transformation strategy,and also has policy implications for the country to fully leverage the"synergy effect"of digital transformation strategy and innovation driven development strategy.