宽窄行种植对高粱光合特性、产量和品质的影响

Effects of Wide and Narrow Row Planting on Photosynthetic Characteristics,Yield,and Quality in Sorghum

以辽粘3号为试验材料,在宽窄行种植条件下(宽行60 cm、窄行40 cm),设置3个种植密度105000株/hm^(2)(WL),112500株/hm^(2)(WM),120000株/hm^(2)(WH),等行距种植(50 cm,种植密度120000株/hm^(2))为CK,研究不同种植密度条件下宽窄行种植对高粱光合特性、农艺特性、产量和品质的影响。结果表明,不同处理叶片SPAD值综合得分和光合特性综合得分顺序为WL>WM>WH>CK。不同处理的株高、穗长、穗粒重和千粒重存在差异(P<0.05),其中WL处理的株高最高、穗长最长、穗粒重和千粒重最大。WL处理的产量与其他处理差异显著(P<0.05),两年平均产量8444.96 kg/hm^(2)。与CK相比,宽窄行种植可明显提高籽粒的单宁含量、淀粉含量和脂肪含量,但对蛋白质含量的影响较弱,WL、WM和WH处理的各品质指标差异不显著。相较于等行距种植,宽窄行种植可改善高粱叶片的光合性能,影响农艺性状和产量,在种植密度105000株/hm+2的条件下,辽粘3号宽窄行种植可在关中西部地区获得较大的产量优势。

To investigate the effects of the density and wide and narrow row planting(wide rows at 60 cm,narrow rows at 40 cm)on SPAD,agronomic characteristics,photosynthetic characteristics,yield,and quality of sorghum‘Liaonian 3’,a field experiment was conducted.Different plant population densities were tested:10.5×10^(4) plants/hm^(2)(WL),11.25×10^(4) plants/hm^(2)(WM),12.0×10^(4) plants/hm^(2)(WH),with a control(CK)consisting of the same row spacing of 50 cm and a density of 12.0×10^(4) plants/hm^(2).The results showed that SPAD and photosynthetic characteristics followed the order of WL>WM>WH>CK.Significant differences(P<0.05)were observed in plant height,spike length,spike grain weight,and 1000-seed weight among treatments.WL showed significantly higher yield compared to other treatments(P<0.05),with an average yield across seasons of 8444.96 kg/hm^(2).Compared to CK,the tannin content,the starch content,and the fat content of different treatments increased,while the protein content remained consistent.Quality indexes did not change significantly among treatments.Each quality index among treatments showed no difference.Compared to equidistant row planting,wide and narrow row planting improved photosynthetic capacity,agronomic characteristics,and yield of sorghum.Therefore wide and narrow row planting with a plant density of 10.5×10^(4) plants/hm^(2) has an advantage on yield in sorghum‘Liaonian 3’in the western Guanzhong region.