93份叶用枸杞农艺性状分析及综合评价

Analysis and Comprehensive Evaluation of Agronomic Characters of 93 Varities of Lycium L.

为客观评价叶用枸杞种质资源多样性和筛选综合性状优异种质,初步筛选出综合性状优异的叶用枸杞新品种。以93份叶用枸杞种质8个农艺性状,利用变异系数、模糊数学隶属函数和聚类分析方法进行分析。变异系数分析显示变异系数范围为5.25%~73.52%,其中变异系数最大的为单株产量,最小的为叶鲜干比,Shannon多样性指数范围为1.77~5.73,其中Shannon多样性指数最大的为地径,最小的为茎鲜干比;相关性分析显示单株产量与叶面积、叶鲜干比、株高和地茎显著正相关(P≤0.05),与叶形指数、茎鲜干比和叶/茎显著负相关(P≤0.05);隶属函数分析显示筛选出综合性状优异的叶用枸杞新品种9份,即Z88、Z76、Z100、Z58、Z32、Z54、Z57、Z85和Z69;聚类分析将种质分为五类,第Ⅰ类材料的特征为单株产量最高,株高、地径和叶面积等较大,包含品系Z88和Z76等,第Ⅱ类材料特征为地径最大,株高、叶形指数和叶面积等较大,包含品系Z58和Z32等,第Ⅲ类材料特征为叶面积最大,株高、叶鲜干比等较大,包含品系Z57和Z85等,第Ⅳ类材料特征为叶鲜干比最大,叶形指数和单株产量等较大,第Ⅴ类材料特征为叶/茎最大,叶形指数、茎鲜干比和株高等较大。93份通过杂交获得的叶用枸杞种质资源较为丰富,单株产量、地径、叶面积、叶鲜干比和叶/茎性状是作为评价叶用枸杞种质的重要农艺性状指标,模糊数学隶属函数和聚类分析方法能够准确、可靠地综合评价叶用枸杞种质资源。

In order to objectively evaluate the diversity of germplasm resources and screen the germplasm with better comprehensive characters,some new varieties of Lycium L.with better comprehensive characters were preliminarily screened.Eight agronomic traits of 93 varities of Lycium L.germplasm resources were analyzed by coefficient of variation,fuzzy mathematical membership function and cluster analysis.The coefficient of variation analysis showed that the coefficient of variation ranged from 5.25% to 73.52%,in which the maximum coefficient of variation was yield per plant,and the minimum was fresh-dry ratio of leaves.The Shannon diversity index ranged from 1.77 to 5.73,in which the maximum Shannon diversity index was ground diameter,and the minimum Shannon diversity index was fresh-dry ratio of stem.Correlation analysis showed that yield per plant was significantly positively correlated with leaf area,leaf fresh-dry ratio,plant height and ground stem(P≤0.05),and significantly negatively correlated with leaf shape index,stem fresh-dry ratio and leaf to stem(P≤0.05).Membership function analysis showed that 9 new varieties of Lycium L.germplasm with better comprehensive characters were selected,namely Z88,Z76,Z100,Z58,Z32,Z54,Z57,Z85 and Z69.Cluster analysis divided the germplasm into five categories.Class Ⅰ was characterized by the highest yield per plant,the larger plant height,ground diameter and leaf area,and others,including strains Z88 and Z76.Class Ⅱ was characterized by the largest ground diameter,the larger plant height,leaf shape index and leaf area,and others,including strain Z58 and Z32.Class Ⅲ was characterized by the largest leaf area,the larger plant height and leaf fresh-dry ratio,and others,including strains Z57 and Z85.Class Ⅳ was characterized by the largest fresh-dry ratio of leaves,the larger leaf shape index and yield per plant,etc.Class Ⅴ was characterized by the largest leaf/stem ratio,the larger leaf shape index,stem fresh-dry ratio and plant height,etc.The 93 varities of Lycium L.germplasm resources were abundant.Yield per plant,ground stem,leaf area,leaf fresh to dry ratio and leaf/stem characters were important agronomic traits to evaluate leaf with applications of Lycium L.germplasm.Fuzzy mathematical membership function and cluster analysis method could accurately and reliably evaluate leaf with applications of Lycium L.germplasm resources.