地铁场景无线通信网络覆盖与优化研究

Research on Coverage and Optimization of Wireless Communication Network in Subway Scene

随着城市交通的高速发展,地铁作为公共交通的重要组成部分,其无线通信网络覆盖和优化显得尤为重要。文章深入分析地铁场景下无线通信网络的现状,指出无线通信网络在高速移动、多径效应、信号衰减、车厢穿透损耗以及人体遮挡效应等方面面临的挑战。同时,探讨了传统与新型地铁无线通信网络覆盖技术,包括漏波天线、中继器、5G小基站以及分布式天线系统(Distribution Automation System,DAS)等,并进行性能比较与适用性分析。最后,提出了地铁无线通信网络优化方法,如基于智能天线阵列的信号增强技术和频谱优化、基于机器学习的网络参数调整算法、用户行为预测与动态资源分配以及多网融合技术与垂直切换机制。本研究旨在为地铁无线通信网络的覆盖与优化提供理论指导和技术参考。

With the rapid development of urban transportation,subway is an important part of public transportation,and its wireless communication network coverage and optimization is particularly important.This paper deeply analyzes the present situation of wireless communication network in subway scene,and points out the challenges faced by wireless communication network in high-speed mobility,multipath effect,signal attenuation,car penetration loss and human occlusion effect.At the same time,the traditional and new subway wireless communication network coverage technologies,including leaky wave antenna,repeater,5G small base station and Distribution Automation System(DAS),are discussed,and their performances are compared and their applicability is analyzed.Finally,the optimization methods of subway wireless communication network are put forward,such as signal enhancement technology and spectrum optimization based on smart antenna array,network parameter adjustment algorithm based on machine learning,user behavior prediction and dynamic resource allocation,multi-network integration technology and vertical switching mechanism.This study aims to provide theoretical guidance and technical reference for the coverage and optimization of subway wireless communication network.