河北太行山五个自然景观的昆虫物种多样性比较与区系分析

Comparison and fauna analysis of insect species diversity in five natural landscapes of Taihang Mountain,Hebei Province

本文基于多年对河北太行山区自北向南5个自然景观(小五台山、五岳寨、不老青山、老爷山、太行山南段)的昆虫物种考察和资料总结,获得昆虫5 945种,隶属4纲32目353科3 046属,对其种类组成和多样性组成进行了横向分析比较,得到如下初步结果:鳞翅目和鞘翅目是构成河北太行山区昆虫物种多样性的最主要类群,两者的物种总数高达3 834种,占昆虫总种数的64.49%;属级构成中日界(3 046属,100%)>古北界(2 511属,82.40%)>东洋界(1 830属,60.07%),凸显该地区的中日界性质(100%),同时与古北界有密切的联系,与东洋界也有较强的关联;在中国动物地理区中,华北区(3 046属,100%)>华中区(2 556属,83.91%)>蒙新区(2 404属,78.92%),华北区成分最为显著(100%),与华中区与蒙新区的联系较为紧密,其次为西南区、东北区、青藏区,而与华南区的联系最弱。对比分析了5个自然景观的鞘翅目物种多样性G-F指数,以小五台山的最高,不老青山最低,整体呈现由北向南随维度不断降低,其物种多样性不断增加的趋势;五岳寨国家森林公园与不老青山森林景区相似性较高(0.53),为中度相似,老爷山与太行山南段、不老青山与老爷山、五岳寨与老爷山为轻度相似;而小五台与五岳寨、小五台山与不老青山、小五台山与老爷山、小五台山与太行山南段为极不相似的关系,讨论了多个相关问题。

In this paper,based on the investigation and data summary of insect species in five natural landscapes(Xiaowutai Mountain,Wuyuezhai Mountain,Bulaoqing Mountain,Laoye Mountain and the southern section of Taihang Mountain)from north to south in the Taihang Mountains of Hebei Province for many years,5945 species of insects,belonging to 353 families,3046 genera,32 orders and 4 classes,were obtained,and their species composition and diversity composition were analyzed and compared horizontally,the preliminary results were as follows:Lepidoptera and Coleoptera were the main groups of insect species diversity in the Taihang Mountains of Hebei Province.The total number of their species was up to 3834,accounting for 64.49%of the total number of insects;The genus level constitutes the Sino-Japanese realm(3046 genera,100%)>the Palaearctic realm(2511 genera,82.40%)>the Oriental realm(1830 genera,60.07%),The composition in North China was the most significant(100%),at the same time,it was closely related to Palearctic and Oriental.In the zoogeographic regions of China,North China(3046 genera,100%)>Central China(2556 genera,83.91%)>Mongolia-Xinjiang region(2404 genera,78.92%),highlighting the composition of North China region(100%),which was closely related to Central China and Mongolia-Xinjiang,followed by Southwest region,Northeast region and Qinghai-Tibet region,with the weakest connection to South China.The G-F index of Coleoptera species diversity in five natural landscapes was analyzed.The highest was Xiaowutai Mountain,and the lowest was Bulaoqingshan Mountain.The overall trend was that the species diversity of Coleoptera decreased with the dimension from north to south.The similarity between Wuyuezhai National Forest Park and Laoye Mountain Forest Scenic Area was relatively high(0.53),which was moderately similar.The similarity between Laoye Mountain and the southern section of Taihang Mountain,Bulaoqingshan Mountain and Laoye Mountain,Wuyuezhai Mountain and Laoye Mountain was slightly similar.The relationship between Xiaowutai and Wuyuezhai,Xiaowutai and Bulaoqing Mountain,Xiaowutai and Laoye Mountain,Xiaowutai and the southern section of Taihang Mountain were extremely different,and several related issues are discussed.