服务业劳动者年龄结构对劳动生产率和工资的影响研究

Research on the Impact of the Age Structure of Workers in the Service Industry on Labor Productivity and Wages

将年龄结构引入到Cobb-Douglas生产函数中,采用全国第六次人口普查和全国第七次人口普查的截面数据研究中国服务业劳动者年龄结构对劳动生产率和工资的影响,研究发现不同年龄区间劳动者比重对劳动生产率和工资的影响程度和影响方向存在差异。劳动者数量对劳动生产率影响为负向,16-24岁、25-34岁和45-54岁劳动者比重对劳动生产率产生正向影响,而55-64岁和65-74岁对劳动生产率的影响分别由负转正和由正转负。劳动者数量及各年龄段劳动者比重对工资水平产生正向影响。因此,提出对不同行业劳动者教育水平进行合理要求、综合考虑不同年龄段劳动者能力以及给予老年劳动者合适的工作岗位等政策建议。

Introducing the age structure into the Cobb-Douglas production function,using the cross-sectional data of the Sixth National Population Census and the Seventh National Population Census to study the impact of the age structure of Chinese service workers on labor productivity and wages,it is found that there are differences in the degree and direction of the impact of the proportion of workers in different age ranges on labor productivity and wages.The proportion of workers aged 16-24,25-34 and 45-54 has a positive impact on labor productivity,while the impact of 55-64 and 65-74 years old on labor productivity has changed from negative to positive and from positive to negative,respectively.The number of workers and the proportion of workers of all ages have a positive impact on the level of wages.Therefore,this paper puts forward policy suggestions such as reasonable requirements for the education level of workers in different industries,comprehensive consideration of the abilities of workers of different ages,and appropriate job opportunities for elderly workers.