机器人化复合材料自动铺层技术综述

A Review on Robotized Automated Lay-up Technology for Composite Material Manufacturing

碳纤维增强复合材料(Carbon fiber-reinforced composite,CFRC)因具有轻质高强、耐腐蚀、耐冲击等优越性能,在生产生活中的应用已越来越广泛,然而复材产品的生产制造仍是劳动密集性产业,主要依靠人工.机械臂自上世纪50年代进入工业生产中以来,极大提高了生产效率和质量,然而目前机械臂在复材产品制造中的应用是少见的,主要集中在机械臂形式的自动铺丝(Automated fiber placement,AFP)中.复材产品制造工艺繁琐,将复合材料铺放在模具上是复材产品制造过程中的一个重要环节,本文称之为“铺层”,使用机械臂完成复合材料自动铺层将是未来复材产品制造自动化、智能化发展的一个关键方向.本文将机械臂进行复合材料自动铺层操作分为两种主要形式:铺片和铺带(丝),通过案例调研和分析,归纳总结现有的设计理念和技术方法,提出未来发展趋势,以期对机械臂的应用和研究、复材产品的智能化制造和工业4.0的发展形成参考.

Carbon fiber-reinforced composite(CFRC)has been widely used in production and life because of its superior properties such as light weight and high strength,corrosion resistance and impact resistance.However,the manufacturing of composite products is still a labor-intensive industry,mainly relying on manual labor.Since the robot arm entered the industrial production in the 1950s,it has greatly improved the production efficiency and quality,however,the current application of robot arm in the manufacturing of composite products is rare,mainly focusing on the robot arm form of automated fiber placement(AFP).The manufacturing process of composite products is tedious,and laying the composite material on the mold is an important part of the manufacturing process of composite products,which we call“lay-up”,and the use of robot arm to complete the automated lay-up operation will be a key direction for the future automation and intelligent development of the manufacturing of composite products.This paper offers a thorough examination of automated lay-up operation for robot arm,and categorizes them into two primary types:Lay-up sheets and lay-up tapes(fibers).Through case study and analysis of existing design concepts and technical methods,this paper identifies trend and suggests future development direction.The insights are of significant value for application and research related to robot arm,intelligent manufacturing of composite products,and the progression of Industry 4.0.