FCC对美国广播电视商业化与规制理念形成的推动和影响

Influence of FCC's Establishment on American Broadcasting Industry's Commercialization and Regulation Principles

随着20世纪二三十年代欧美无线电技术发展与寡头广播电台的出现,美国国会先后颁布《1927年无线电法》(RadioActof1927)、《1934年通讯法》(CommunicationsActof1934),将公共资源无线电频谱界定为“稀缺资源”,并组建美国联邦通讯委员会(FCC)。FCC之组建,确定了美国广播电视行业的规制基点,推动了广播电视规制体系的形成和完善,进而保障了广播电视行业与传媒集团的良性发展。

With the development of radio technology and formation of monopoly-orientated broadcasting companies in the 1920 s and 1930 s,the Congress of America passed the Radio Act of 1927 and Communications Act of 1934 subsequently.Under the guidelines of these two acts,the American government defined the radio airwaves as'scarce sources'instead just of public resources,and established the Federal Communications Commission(FCC)to regulate the radio and television industry of America.The establishment of FCC confirms the regulatory base of American broadcasting industry,improves commercialization and formation of regulation principles of the industry,which furthermore guarantees the sound progress of American broadcasting industry and media companies.