奥地利社会民主党(1889—1945年)的诞生背景、历史演进及其价值启示

Birth Background and Historical Evolution of the Social Democratic Party of Austria(1889-1945)and Its Value Inspiration

奥地利社会民主党历史悠久、组织严密、特征鲜明,是欧洲最具代表性的社会民主党之一。自1889年成立至1945年二战结束这段时期,奥地利社会民主党经历了欧洲社会主义运动的风云变幻,其消长沉浮极具研究价值。奥地利社会民主党的诞生背景需要从历史与理论双重角度进行追溯。而该党在这段时期的发展史,则可以划分为1889—1918年、1918—1933年、1933—1945年这三个阶段。每个阶段都各有其特色,从中总结出的历史价值和现实启示值得社会主义政党参考借鉴。总的来说,在这段时期,奥地利社会民主党并不完全想要脱离马克思主义的主流和主旨,然而折中改良的倾向导致其无法摆脱失败的命运。

The Social Democratic Party of Austria,with long history,strict organization and distinct characteristics,is one of the most representative social democratic parties in Europe.During the period from its establishment in 1889 to the end of World War II in 1945,it experienced the ups and downs of the European socialist movement,and its rises and falls were of great research value.The birth background of the Social Democratic Party of Austria needs to be traced back from both historical and theoretical perspectives.Its development history during this period can be divided into three stages:1889-1918,1918-1933 and 1933-1945.Each stage has its own characteristics,and the historical value and practical inspiration summarized from it are of reference worth to socialist political parties.In general,during this period,the Social Democratic Party of Austria did not want to break away completely from the mainstream and essence of Marxism,but its tendency towards compromise and reform led to its inability to escape the fate of failure.