再论“超级村庄”:类型、特征与治理路径

The Further Discussion of"Super Village":Types,Characteristics and Governance Paths

在解释乡村工业化时期特殊的村庄发展样态时,“超级村庄”概念被提出,但之后很长一段时间这一概念都处于沉寂的状态,其理论的丰富性和延展性并未被有效地阐发。近年来,在乡村社会发展的进程中,我国出现了诸多新的超级村庄类型,因此有必要激活更新“超级村庄”的理论内涵、拓展其分析范畴。从“发展导向”和“社会基础”两个维度出发,“超级村庄”可以被划分为产业内生型、拆撤混住型、地域联合型和集聚合并型,它们具有不同的发展动力机制,并呈现差异化的内部治理逻辑。对“超级村庄”的再次讨论,不仅具有村庄类型学的方法论意义,而且揭示了“超级村庄”具有整合城乡要素的潜在功能。

When explaining the special development pattern of villages during the period of rural industrialization,the concept of"super village"was proposed,but for a long time afterwards,this concept remained silent,and its theoretical richness and extensibility were not effectively elucidated.In recent years,in the process of rural social development,many new types of super village have emerged in China.Therefore,it is necessary to reactivate and update the theoretical connotation of"super village"and expand their analytical scope.Starting from the dimensions of"development orientation"and"social foundation","super village"can be divided into industry endogenous type,demolition and mixed settlement type,regional alliance type,and aggregation and consolidation type.They each have different development driving mechanisms and exhibit differentiated internal governance logic.The re-discussion of"super village"not only has methodological significance in village typology,but also reveals the potential function of integrating urban and rural elements.