丝素蛋白水凝胶的制备及其在骨再生研究中的最新进展

Preparation of silk fibroin hydrogel and its recent progress in bone regeneration research

颌面骨缺损是临床上的常见病,大面积的骨缺损不仅影响人们生活质量而且会引发全身健康严重受损,甚至威胁生命,为社会医疗系统增加了沉重负担。临床上主要通过骨移植或骨替代物移植来促进骨缺损再生,骨替代物主要包括生物膜、支架材料、水凝胶等,其中水凝胶作为骨移植替代物修复骨缺损是目前较有前景的策略。水凝胶在药物缓释、骨缺损修复及细胞播种和封装等领域已取得了初步成效。在各种水凝胶材料中,丝素蛋白(silk fibroin,SF)具有优良的生物相容性、可调的生物降解、较小的免疫原性、优异的机械强度,在骨组织工程中具有较大潜力。本文综述了基于丝素蛋白的水凝胶的制备及其在骨组织修复和再生方面的重要研究进展。

Maxillofacial bone defects are common in clinical practice.Large bone defects not only affect people's quality of life but also can cause severe damage to overall health and even threaten life,adding a significant burden to the social healthcare system.Clinically,bone grafting or bone substitute transplantation is mainly used to promote bone defect regeneration.Bone substitutes mainly include biological membranes,scaffold materials,hydrogels,etc.,among which hydrogels as bone graft substitutes for repairing bone defects are currently a promising strategy.Hydrogels have achieved initial success in drug release,bone defect repair,cell seeding,and encapsulation.Among various hydrogel materials,silk fibroin(SF)has excellent biocompatibility,tunable biodegradability,low immunogenicity,and excellent mechanical strength,showing great potential in bone tissue engineering.This article reviews the preparation of silk fibroin-based hydrogels and their important research progress in bone tissue repair and regeneration.