基于MaxEnt模型的白蜡吉丁啮小蜂的潜在适生区预测

Potential Distribution of Tetrastichus planipennisi Based on MaxEnt Niche Model

白蜡窄吉丁是一种对木犀科白蜡属树木造成毁灭性危害的蛀干害虫,目前已入侵到北美和欧洲部分地区,且发生范围仍在不断增大。白蜡吉丁啮小蜂是白蜡窄吉丁的群聚专性寄生蜂,本研究拟通过预测该寄生蜂的适生区,筛选出影响其生存和定殖的关键因素,从而明确该蜂在白蜡窄吉丁危害区进行释放应用的可行性。采用MaxEnt模型,通过收集白蜡吉丁啮小蜂在全世界的分布数据,对该蜂全球范围内的潜在适生区进行模拟,检测模拟结果的准确度,并结合野外试验对模型进行验证。模型模拟结果的测试遗漏率与理论遗漏率基本吻合。AUC值为0.986,表明模型筛选的参数结果可靠且准确度高。结合野外试验验证后,明确了当前白蜡吉丁啮小蜂的适生区主要分布在北美洲中部、欧洲大部分地区以及中国的华中、华北、东北、新疆等地区,适生区面积占全球陆地面积的17.42%。白蜡吉丁啮小蜂的适生区基本覆盖了白蜡窄吉丁的现有发生区和潜在发生区,可用于白蜡窄吉丁各危害区的大规模林间防治。

The emerald ash borer(EAB,Agrilus planipennis),a devastating wood borer of ash trees(Oleaceae:Fraxinus),has invaded into North America and Europe and is still spreading to other regions.Tetrastichus planipennisi(Hymenoptera:Eulophidae)is a gregarious endoparasitoid of EAB.This study was conducted to predict the suitable distribution areas of this parasitoid wasp and to screen the key factors affecting its survival and colonization,so as to clarify the feasibility of releasing this wasp in the occurrence area of EAB.The MaxEnt was used to simulate the potential habitat of the wasp on a global scale,and the accuracy of the simulation results was tested using the distribution data of T.planipennisi collected worldwide and was further validated by field trials.It was shown that the test omission rates of the model simulation results were in general agreement with the theoretical omission rates.The AUC value was 0.986,indicating that the results of the parameters screened by the model were reliable and accurate.In combination with field experiments,we are clear that the current suitable distribution areas for T.planipennisi are central North America,most of Europe,and the central,northern,northeastern and Xinjiang regions of China,which covers 17.42%of the global land area.The suitable areas of T.planipennisi basically covers the occurrence and the potential distribution areas of EAB,therefore,the parasitoid is suitable for control of EAB in different field ranges.