生物质材料激光诱导石墨烯制备与应用研究进展

Advances in preparation and applications of laser-induced graphene made from biomass materials

石墨烯作为一种新兴的二维纳米材料,凭借其独特的物理结构和化学性质,已广泛应用于各个领域。激光诱导石墨烯技术可将自然界中广泛存在的含碳生物质材料以低成本、高环保、更快捷的方式制备出石墨烯材料。首先,对可用于激光诱导石墨烯的生物质材料种类进行总结,分析、比较了不同生物质材料制备激光诱导石墨烯的方法及工艺特点;其次,详细阐述了激光诱导石墨烯的应用领域及其性能特征,并对其发展趋势进行了总结与讨论。总结现有研究结果认为:激光诱导技术适用于多种生物质前驱体制备石墨烯,并通过制备条件(气体环境、激光光源、材料预处理)优化与组合,可实现生物质材料定向诱导改性;激光诱导石墨烯具有良好的抗菌性、电学性能、特定的电阻率等特性,且激光诱导技术具有效率高、工艺简便、成本低廉、图案可控等优势,促成其在抗菌、智能家居系统、超级电容器和传感器等领域表现出巨大的应用价值与良好的应用前景。通过对激光诱导石墨烯领域的相关研究进行综述,为创新石墨烯制备技术提供了理论指导,也为拓宽该领域的研究和应用提供了思路。

As an emerging two-dimensional nanostructure material,graphene is widely used in various fields due to its unique physical structure and chemical properties.The traditional graphene preparation process has certain technical difficulties,including relatively expensive equipment,poor control of the shape of the product,and the presence of oxygen-containing functional groups in end products.It also has drawbacks such as high required temperature for the reaction conditions and long synthesis routes,which limit its applications in practical production.With high laser energy density and controllability,laser-induced graphene technology can prepare graphene materials from carbon containing biomass materials that are widely available in nature in a low-cost,environmentally friendly,and fast recycle way.Firstly,the types of biomass materials that can be used for laser-induced graphene are summarized,and the methods and process characteristics of different biomass materials for preparation of laser-induced graphene are analyzed and compared.Secondly,the application fields of laser-induced graphene and its performance characteristics are described in detail,and the development trend of the laser-induced graphene is summarized and discussed.The results of literature analysis show that the laser-induced technology is suitable for the preparation of graphene from a variety of biomass precursors,and through the optimization and combination of preparation conditions(gas environment,laser light source,and material pretreatment),it can realize the directional induced modification of biomass materials.Laser-induced graphene has good antibacterial,electrical properties,specific electrical resistivity and other pleasant characteristics,and the laser-induced technology has the advantages of high efficiency,simple process,low cost,controllable pattern,etc.It has demonstrated a great value of application in the fields of antimicrobial,smart home system,supercapacitor,and sensors with a good prospect for application.By reviewing the related research in the field of laser-induced graphene,this study can offer theoretical guidance for the innovation of graphene preparation technology,and provide ideas for expanding the research and application in this field.