漳河水库浮游植物群落结构特征及水质评价

Structural characteristics of the phytoplankton community in the Zhanghe Reservoir and water quality evaluation

为了探究漳河水库浮游植物的群落组成、分布模式及其驱动因子,本研究于2022年1-10月选取21个采样点开展了4个季度的浮游植物群落和水环境特征的调查分析,共鉴定出浮游植物8门100属223种,其中,绿藻门最多,其次是硅藻门和蓝藻门。浮游植物优势种主要为小环藻(Cyclotella sp.)、湖泊鞘丝藻(Lyngbya limneti-ca)、腰带多甲藻(Peridinium cinctum)、分歧锥囊藻(Dinobryon divergems)和双对栅藻(Scenedesmus bijuga)。浮游植物细胞丰度变化范围为3.62×10^(6)~4.16×10^(7)cells/L,时间上表现为夏秋季的丰度明显高于冬春季,除夏季主要以蓝藻门为主外,其他季节基本都为硅藻门。生物量变化范围为0.031~0.861 mg/L,受水温、营养盐及其他环境因子的影响,时间上表现为夏季>春季>秋季>冬季,全年均表现为蓝藻门占绝对优势。Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、Pielou均匀度指数和Margalef丰富度指数均表明漳河水库水体处于轻度污染—中度污染状态。冗余分析结果表明:水温、透明度、化学需氧量、溶解氧、总氮和总磷是影响漳河水库浮游植物群落结构分布的主要环境因子。

In recent years,the ecological environment and ecological functions of natural waters,especially reservoirs,have generally shown a degradation trend under the influence of human activities such as watershed development and pollution.The Zhanghe Reservoir is the largest independently managed reservoir in Hubei Province and a typical nutrient-poor reservoir.The phytoplankton community and water environment charac-teristics were investigated and analyzed at 21 sampling sites for four seasons from January to October 2022 to in-vestigate the community composition,distribution patterns and drivers of phytoplankton in the Zhanghe Reser-voir.A total of 223 species in 100 genera from eight phyla were identified,of which the most abundant were Chlorophyta,followed by Bacillariophyta and Cyanophyta.The dominant phytoplankton species were Cyclo-tella sp.,Lyngbya limnetica,Peridinium cinctum,Dinobryon divergems,and Scenedesmus bijuga.The phy-toplankton cell abundance varied from 3.62×10^(6)to 4.16×10^(7)cells/L.Temporally,the abundance was signifi-cantly higher in summer and autumn than in winter and spring,except for summer when the Cyanophyta was predominant,the Bacillariophyta was predominant in all other seasons.The Shannon-Wiener diversity index,the Pielou evenness index,and the Margalef abundance index all indicated that the Zhanghe reservoir is in a lightly polluted to moderately polluted state.Redundancy analysis(RDA)showed that water temperature,transparency,COD,DO,TN,and TP were the main environmental factors affecting the distribution of the phytoplankton community.The results of this study will help provide basic information on water resource use and water environmental protection in the Zhanghe reservoir.