阿尔塔斯水电站泥沙淤积计算与分析

Calculation and Analysis of Sedimentation at Altas Hydropower Station

阿尔塔斯水电站是喀拉喀什河梯级开发方案中的第八座水电站,以水力发电为主。为协调水库泥沙淤积与水库兴利效益之间的关系,确定工程规模,开展水库泥沙淤积计算分析是十分必要的。建立一维非均匀流不平衡输沙数学模型,根据实测断面、入库水沙系列等资料,计算分析水电站建成后不同时期的泥沙淤积及其分布,论证水库泥沙调度运行水位。结果表明:水库运行30 a时,死库容淤积量占初始死库容的73.3%,调节库容减少33.0%;汛期不降低水位调度运行,多年平均年发电量比降低死水位运行多145.8%。

Altas Hydropower Station is the eighth hydropower station in the cascade development plan on the Karakash River.It is a water conservancy project focusing on hydropower generation.In order to coordinate the relationship between reservoir sedimentation and reservoir benefits and provide a basis for determining the scale of the project,it is necessary to carry out calculation and analysis of reservoir sedimentation.This paper first established a one-dimensional mathematical model of unbalanced sediment transport by non-uniform flow.Based on the measured cross-sections,inlet water and sediment series and other data,the sediment deposition and distribution in different periods after the completion of the hydropower station were calculated and analyzed,and the sediment discharge from the reservoir was demonstrated.The results show that when the reservoir has been in operation for 30 years,the siltation volume of the dead storage capacity accounts for 73.3%of the initial dead storage capacity,and the adjusted storage capacity is reduced by 33.0%.If the water level is not lowered to discharge sediment during the flood season,the average annual power generation for many years is 145.8%more than the condition when the dead water level is lowered.