速度120 km/h地铁车辆压力波控制方案

Pressure Wave Control Scheme for Metro Vehicle at Speed of 120 km/h

[目的]随着城市轨道交通车内舒适性要求逐渐提高,速度120 km/h及以上的地铁车内压力波控制逐渐成为列车空调系统所必须配置的功能,虽然高速动车组、160 km/h市域车等高速列车空调系统已经具有了成熟的压力波保护装置,但多数采用气动方式,结构复杂且成本较高,并不适用于地铁车辆,因此,需结合地铁车辆的特点,研究适用于地铁车辆的压力波保护方案。[方法]对既有速度120 km/h的地铁车辆车内压力波动进行了抽样测试;根据测试结果和结合地铁运行线路、站点配置等因素,总结了造成车内压力波动的主要影响因素,并提出了采用空调系统电动新风阀控制车内压力波动的方案;在新风阀不同开度下,对车内压力波进行了验证。[结果及结论]经试验证明:地铁车辆可利用线路固定、站点固定和靠站时间间隔固定等有利因素,采用主动式压力波控制方案,空调系统通过车辆网络提供的站点信息及车辆速度信号控制新风阀的打开与关闭,进而控制车内压力波动,此方案相对比高速动车组、160 km/h市域车等高速列车具有结构简单、成本低、控制灵活等特点。

[Objective]With the increasing demand for passenger comfort in urban rail transit,pressure wave control inside metro trains at speed of 120 km/h and above has become a an essential function of train air-conditioning system.Although high-speed EMUs and 160 km/h city railway trains already have mature pressure wave protection devices,most of them use pneumatic methods,complex in structure and relatively costly,therefore unsuitable for metro vehicles.Therefore,it is necessary to study pressure wave protection schemes suitable for metro vehicles based on their characteristics.[Method]Sampling tests are conducted on the pressure wave dynamics inside existing metro trains with speed of 120 km/h.Based on the test results and factors such as the operating routes and station layout,the primary influencing factors causing pressure wave dynamics inside the train are summarized,and a scheme using electric fresh air valves in the air conditioning system to control pressure wave dynamics inside the train is proposed.Validation of pressure waves inside the train is conducted under different opening degrees of the fresh air valve.[Result&Conclusion]Experimental results demonstrate that metro vehicles can utilize favorable factors such as fixed routes,fixed stations,and fixed dwell time to adopt an active pressure wave control scheme.The air-conditioning system controls the opening and closing of fresh air valves by using station information through the train network and speed signals,thereby controlling pressure wave dynamics inside the train.This scheme is relatively simple in structure,low in cost,and flexible in control compared to high-speed EMUs and 160 km/h city railway trains.