制动系统管路管夹位置灵敏度分析与优化设计

Sensitivity Analysis and Optimization Design of Brake System Pipeline Clamp Positions

[目的]在轨道车辆制动系统制动管路设计阶段,优化管夹的支撑位置可以使制动管路有效避开车体等激振频率,进而降低管路振动松脱的风险,故需对其优化方案进行研究。[方法]以城市轨道交通车辆某段制动管路为例,创建了车体和制动管路的有限元模型,得到了车体和制动管路的固有频率;基于灵敏度分析方法,以管夹位置为设计变量,获得了对制动管路固有频率影响较大的4个管夹位置参数;同时,以制动管路固有频率远离车体固有频率范围为优化目标,建立优化模型;基于遗传算法对4个管夹位置参数进行优化。[结果及结论]通过优化设计实现了制动管路固有频率的调节;对比不同优化方案的效果发现,优化方案2可以有效使制动管路避开车体固有频率范围,达到了避振效果。

[Objective]During the design phase of brake system pipeline for rail vehicles,optimizing the support positions of clamps can effectively avoid the excitation frequency of the vehicle carbody and reduce the risk of pipeline vibration and loosening.Therefore,it is necessary to study optimization solutions for clamp positions.[Method]Taking a segment of the brake system pipeline for urban rail transit vehicles as example,a finite element models of the vehicle carbody and brake system pipeline is created to obtain their natural frequencies.Using sensitivity analysis,with clamp positions as design variables,four clamp position parameters that significantly affect the natural frequencies of the brake system pipeline are identified.Meanwhile,an optimization model is established with the goal of adjusting the natural frequencies of the brake system pipeline away from the natural frequency range of the vehicle body.Genetic algorithm is then applied to optimize the four clamp position parameters.[Result&Conclusion]Through optimization design,the natural frequencies of the brake system pipeline are adjusted.Comparing the effects of different optimization schemes,it is found that optimization scheme 2 can effectively keep the brake system pipeline away from the natural frequency range of the vehicle carbody,achieving the desired vibration avoidance effect.