种植密度和品种对荞麦抗倒伏能力和产量的影响

Effects of Planting Density and Variety on Lodging Resistance and Yield of Buckwheat

[目的]研究不同种植密度和品种对荞麦抗倒伏能力和产量的影响。[方法]试验采用二因素完全随机区组设计,设置了5个品种,3种种植密度,共有15种处理。测定了不同处理荞麦的抗倒伏性,包括第1、2、3节间长度和外径、重心高度、表观倒伏率、茎秆抗折力等指标,比较不同处理株粒重、百粒重、小区产量等经济性状间的差异。[结果]西农D4103的表观倒伏率显著低于其余品种,且P5M3处理的小区产量显著高于P1M3、P3M3处理,但相同品种不同种植密度间的表观倒伏率和产量间不存在显著的差异性;相关性分析结果显示,荞麦倒伏率与植株的株高、重心高度、主茎节数、第2节间长度存在极显著的正相关关系,第3节间长度和第1节间外经与荞麦的表观倒伏率有显著的正相关关系,小区产量与第1节间长度和第2节间长度有显著的正相关关系。[结论]品种对荞麦表观倒伏率和产量的影响较大,西农D4103的抗倒性较好,可用作以后研究抗倒伏的品种材料,资TQ13-05品种在75万株/hm^(2)播种密度下的产量最高,适宜在陕北地区种植。

[Objective]To study the effects of different planting densities and varieties on the lodging resistance and yield of buckwheat.[Method]A two factor completely randomized block design was adopted with 5 varieties,3 planting densities,and a total of 15 treatment.The lodging resistance traits of buckwheat under different treatments were measured,including the length and outer diameter of the first,second,and third internodes,center of gravity height,apparent lodging rate and stem snapping resistance.The differences in economic traits,such as plant grain weight,100-grain weight and plot yield were compared.[Result]The apparent lodging rate of Xinong D4103 was significantly lower than that of other varieties,and the plot yield of treatment P5M3 was significantly higher than those of P1M3 and P3M3.However,there were no significant differences in the apparent lodging rate and yield between the same variety and different planting densities.The correlation analysis results showed that the apparent lodging rate of buckwheat was significantly positively correlated with plant height,center of gravity height,number of main stem nodes and length of the second internode.There was significant positive correlation between length of the third internode,outer diameter of the first internode and the apparent lodging rate of buckwheat.There was a significant positive correlation between plot yield and length of the first and second internodes.[Conclusion]The variety had significant impact on the apparent lodging rate and yield.Xinong D4103 had good lodging resistance and could be used as a material for future research on lodging resistant varieties.The highest yield was obtained with a planting density of 750000 plants/hm^(2)for the ZiTQ13-05 variety,which was suitable for planting in northern Shaanxi.