数字素养鸿沟与农户收入不平等

Digital Literacy Gap and Income Inequality Among Rural Households

实现共同富裕关键是解决农民收入问题,数字经济的快速发展为推动共同富裕战略的实施提供重大契机,然而“数字素养鸿沟”问题不断凸显。运用2020年中国乡村振兴综合调查(CRRS)数据构建模型进行验证,并识别和测度数字素养对增加农户收入及抑制收入不平等的门槛。研究表明:农户数字素养的提升不仅能显著提高收入水平,还能缩小群体收入差距;且数字素养对农户收入及收入不平等水平存在门槛效应,即随着社区互联网普及率的增加,数字素养的提升对提高农户收入的促进作用、对降低收入不平等的抑制作用呈现逐渐增强的特点;机制分析结果显示,农户数字素养的提升有益于农户信息获取、社会资本积累与市场参与,进而推动了农户增收共富;异质性分析发现数字素养对中等收入群体的增收作用效果较大,对于抑制农户农业生产收入不平等的作用最为明显。

The key to achieving common prosperity is to solve the problem of farmers income.The rapid development of the digital economy provides a major opportunity to promote the implementation of the common prosperity strategy,but the problem of″digital literacy gap″is constantly highlighted.This paper uses the data of the 2020 China Rural Revitalization Survey(CRRS)to construct a model for verification,and identifies and measures the threshold of digital literacy on increasing rural household income and curbing income inequality.The results show that the improvement of rural households digital literacy can significantly improve the income level,and it also promotes the convergence of the group income gap.Moreover,with the increase of community Internet penetration,the promoting effect of digital literacy on the income of rural households and the inhibition of reducing income inequality are gradually increasing.The results of mechanism analysis show that the improvement of farmers digital literacy is beneficial to farmers information acquisition,social capital accumulation and market participation,which in turn promotes farmers income increase and common prosperity.Heterogeneity analysis found that digital literacy had a greater effect on the income increase of middle-income groups,and the most obvious effect on inhibiting the income inequality of agricultural production of rural households.