脑微梗死数量、分布对认知功能影响及其治疗进展

Impact of the number and distribution of cerebral microinfarction on cognitive function and advances in treat⁃ment

脑微梗死(CMI)作为一种极小的仅能在组织病理发现的缺血性病变,常发生在认知功能障碍、痴呆和脑卒中等患者。近年来,随着医学影像学技术的进步,CMI的检出率呈逐渐上升趋势。目前研究发现,CMI的存在不仅会影响脑卒中后的预后及康复,而且还增加认知功能下降的发生率与风险。CMI的临床影响可能由较高的CMI数量和不同区域的分布决定。因此,本文将对CMI数量、分布与认知损害的相关性及其机制进行综述,为CMI的深入探究及科学防治提供依据。

Cerebral microinfarction(CMI)is an extremely small ischemic lesion that can only be found in histopathology,and it often occurs in patients with cognitive dysfunction,dementia and stroke.With the improvement in medical imaging technology in recent years,the detection rate of CMI tends to increase gradually.Current studies have shown that the presence of CMI not only affects the prognosis and rehabilitation after stroke,but also increases the incidence rate and risk of cognitive decline.The clinical impact of CMI may be determined by the relatively high number of CMI and its distribution in different regions,and therefore,this article reviews the association of the number and distribution of CMI with cognitive impairment and related mechanisms,so as to provide a basis for the in-depth investigation and scientific prevention and treatment of CMI.