河南省大气污染物与温室气体排放清单建立及协同减排效果研究

Establishment of a list of atmospheric pollutants and greenhouse gas emissions in Henan Province and research on the synergistic emission reduction effect

空气污染和气候变化问题,已成为全球关注的两大挑战.随着清洁能源替代等政策实施,行业部门间存在复杂的互动关系,因此不同关联行业间客观上存在着实现协同控制的多种可能途径.本研究基于源分类及方法学体系,建立了河南省2013—2021年大气污染物与温室气体排放清单,分析了8种污染物、5大排放源、21类排放子源的演变趋势和结构性差异,开展了多部门多污染物的综合协同减排效应研究.研究期内,河南省大气污染物与温室气体排放总量均呈下降趋势,农业源是NH_(3)排放的主要来源,交通源是NO_(x)排放的主要来源,工业源对除NH_(3)、NO_(x)外的其他6种污染排放均有较高贡献.燃煤治理有效削减了大气污染物和CO_(2)排放,但VOCs减排力度有待提升.5大排放源中工业源和民用源协同减排效果最好,电力源协同减排效果最弱.排放子源中协同控制效果较好的是柴油车、工业锅炉和民用燃煤3类.研究提出了加速构建低碳电力系统以推动多行业协同减排效应、提升工业VOCs治理监管水平、加大柴油车排放监管力度、加强对农业NH_(3)的排放控制等建议.研究结果可为区域在协同减排过程中全面提高综合治理效能提供参考.

Air pollution and climate change have become two emerging issues worldwide.The intricate interplay of various industries,driven by policies such as clean energy substitution,results in multiple avenues for collaborative control.This research employs a source classification and methodology system to establish a list of air pollutants and greenhouse gas emissions in Henan Province from 2013 to 2021.Analyzing the evolution trends and structural variations of 8 pollutants,5 major emission sources,and 21 emission sub-sources,the research also conducts a comprehensive study on the collaborative emission reduction effects of various departments and pollutants.Throughout the study period,the total amount of air pollutants and greenhouse gas emissions in Henan Province showed a decline trend.Agricultural sources emerged as the primary contributor to NH_(3) emissions,while transportation sources dominated NO_(x) emissions.Industrial sources significantly impacted six other pollution types,excluding NH_(3) and NO_(x).Whiel coal burning treatment has effectively reduced air pollutants and CO_(2) emissions,the VOCs reduction requires further enhancement.Among the five major emission sources,industrial and civilian sources exhibited the most substantial synergistic emission reduction effect,whereas electricity sources demonstrated the weakest effect.Notably,diesel vehicles,industrial boilers,and civilian coal-fired vehicles displayed more effective collaborative control effects among emission sub-sources.The study recommends expediting the development of a low-carbon power system,promoting collaborative emission reduction across multiple industries,enhancing industrial VOCs governance and supervision,intensifying supervision of diesel vehicle emissions,and strengthening control over agricultural NH_(3) emissions.The findings serve as a valuable reference for the comprehensive improvement of comprehensive governance efficiency in the collaborative emission reduction process of regions.