清至民国时期粤盐销滇研究

A Study on the Sale of Guangdong Salt to Yunnan from Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China

历史上,云南开化府、广南府等滇东南地区因距滇盐产地较远,滇盐经常供不敷销,商民往往通过从邻省购买粤盐和从边岸市场购买越南海盐来解决缺盐问题。清乾隆五年(1740年),官府层面借销粤盐开始,并持续近两百年,其中,滇粤“铜盐互易”成为云南与广东省际贸易的特殊案例,此举既同时解决了滇东南地区食盐短缺和广东铸钱原材料缺乏问题,还赋予了维护本国盐、铜市场正常运行,加强边岸地区治理能力的职责,意义重大。民国时期,借销粤盐虽然时借时停,但仍然值得我们关注。

In history,salt supply in Kaihua Prefecture,Guangnan Prefecture,and other southeastern regions in Yunnan were often insufficient because of a distance from the producing area of Yunnan salt.Merchants often solved the problem of salt shortage by purchasing Guangdong salt from neighboring provinces and Vietnamese sea salt from border markets.In 1740,the fifth-year reign of Emperor Qianlong in Qing Dynasty,the government began to borrow and sell Guangdong salt,which lasted for nearly two hundred years.The“copper-for-salt trade”between Yunnan and Guangdong became a special case of inter-regional trade between the two Provinces.The move not only solved the problem of salt shortage in southeastern Yunnan and the lack of raw materials for making coins in Guangdong,but also maintained the normal operation of domestic salt and copper markets,and strengthened the governance capacity of border areas,which was of great significance.During the Republic of China,the loan and sale of Guangdong salt,though sometimes stopped,still deserves our attention.