民族概念的历史考察:阅读与感想散记

Review on the Concept of Nation:Reading and Reflactions

近现代民族概念在英国最初生成时,是由国家疆域来界定的国民民族。随着19世纪末民族主义主流的族裔化,族裔民族或“民族国家”曾长时期被视为民族或现代国家的典型样态。有学者认为民族主义是20世纪的“政治羞耻”。可是只要国家存在,人类社会就无法规避国民民族主义和族裔民族主义的意识形态。可以做到的,只能是与上述两种民族主义的激进形式都保持距离,而接受温和的国民民族与温和的族裔民族在现实的社会政治中共存。

When the modem nation was first born in Britain,it was a civic nation defined by the territory of the Kingdom.With the mainstreaming of nationalism in the late nineteenth century,the ethnic nation and the "nation state" have long been regarded as typical forms of nation and modern state.Some scholars regard nationalism as the "political shame" of the 20th-century.Nevertheless,as long as the state exists,human society cannot circumvent the ideology of civic nationalism and ethnic nationalism.What can be done only is to pull ourselves away from both of these radical forms of nationalism and accept the coexistence of moderate civic nation and moderate ethnic nation in the real sociopolitical world.