新制度经济学的兴起及其与新古典经济学的关系

The Rise of New Institutional Economics and Its Relationship with Neoclassical Economics

新制度经济学作为一个新兴的经济学分支,突破了新古典经济学的理论假设与结论之间的关系,很容易发现新制度经济学与新古典经济学以及与其他制度经济学流派之间的替代与互补关系,从中发现新制度经济学的演变及其融合的发展趋势,对新古典经济学除了修正还有些革命意蕴,亟待加以系统研究。研究表明,作为一门理性选择科学,各大制度经济学流派不过是对不同程度的不确定性反应情况下的连续体,处于光谱两端的不同位置上,并不是狭义理性选择所能囊括的,更需要考虑广义的理性选择,从而加强了新制度经济学、新古典经济学与非主流制度经济学之间的对话,降低它们之间的对抗,避免出现制度理论停滞和重复建设,更好地推动当代制度经济学的创新。因此,基于中国现实经验构建理论诠释实践,对于推动中国特色制度经济学研究具有重要启发意义,促使制度经济学理论研究服务于经济高质量发展,为推动中国式现代化提供制度保障。

New institutional economics as a branch of economics is whether revision of neoclassical economics or new paradigm shift.To great extent new institutional economics is different from the neoclassical economics under perfect information and perfect rationality,which deals with zero transaction cost.However in reality,current or future transaction will be influenced by transaction cost,hence we relax the assumptions of perfect information and rationality,rebuild the relationship between new institutional economics and neoclassical economics as well as old institutional economics.Therefore we provide some solutions to transaction cost problem in order to guide the real-world economy.Particularly for Chinese modernization,we will focus mainly on new institutional economics,away from Neoclassical economics,hence to redesign the institutional and policy innovations as a cornerstone modern institutional economics,for example reduce transaction costs and information asymmetry,and property rights and national governance and so on to promote high quality development.