不同施肥方式对草甸草原植物群落生长及土壤紧实度的影响

Effects of Different Fertilization Treatments on Plant Community Growth and Soil Compactness in Meadow Grasslands

【目的】为研究不同施肥方式对草甸草原植物群落生长及土壤紧实度的影响。【方法】通过设置不施肥(CK)、常规肥(CG)和中微量肥(ZW)三个处理,开展不同施肥处理对草甸草原植物的株高、生物多样性、生物量和土壤紧实度影响的试验。【结果】研究结果表明:CG处理和ZW处理均能够增加植物群落平均高度,其中CG处理能够显著提升植物群落平均高度,较CK对照增高了61.77%;CG处理和ZW处理均增加了草地植物群落的Simpson优势度指数、Shannon-Wiener指数、Margalef丰富度指数、Pielou均匀度指数,施肥提高了草地植物群落的丰富度;ZW处理显著降低了草甸草地收获季的鲜重,与其他处理之间植物干重并无显著性差异,但ZW处理能够提高植物的干鲜比;不同施肥处理均降低0~30 cm土层的土壤紧实度,但各土层间存在一定差异。【结论】施肥能够改善草甸草地状况,能够增加草地群落高度,提高植物群落的多样性指数,增加草地植物的干鲜比,改善土壤紧实度。

【Objective】In order to study the effects of different fertilization treatments on the growth of meadow grassland plant communities and soil compactness.【Methods】In this study,three treatments,namely,no fertilization(CK),conventional fertilization(CG)and medium and micro-fertilization(ZW),were set up to carry out experiments on the effects of different fertilization treatments on plant height,biodiversity,biomass and soil compactness of meadow grassland.【Results】The results showed that:(1)both CG and ZW treatments were able to increase the average height of plant communities,among which CG treatment could significantly increase the average height by 61.77%compared with CK treatment.(2)both CG and ZW treatments increased the Simpson dominance index,Shannon-Wiener index,Margalef richness index and Pielou evenness index of plant communities,indicating that fertilization could enhance the richness of grassland plant communities.(3)ZW treatment significantly reduced the fresh weight of meadow grass during the harvest season,and there was no significant difference in plant dry weight among three treatments,but ZW treatment was able to increase the dry-fresh ratio of plants.(4)different fertilization treatments all reduced the soil compactness in the 0 to 30 cm soil layer,but there were some differences among the soil layers.【Conclusion】Fertilization could improve the condition of meadow grasses and increase the height of grass communities,enhance the diversity index of plant species,increase the dry-to-fresh ratio of grasses,and improve soil compactness.