基于熵权-TOPSIS法的中国高等教育高质量发展水平测度研究

Measurement of High-Quality Development of Higher Education in China Based on Entropy Weight and TOPSIS

实现高等教育高质量发展是推进新时代教育强国建设的必然要求。基于新发展理念,运用熵权法和TOPSIS法测度了中国2020年31个省份高等教育高质量发展水平。研究发现:第一,中国各省域高等教育高质量发展水平存在显著差距,江苏、北京和上海的高等教育发展水平明显高于其他省份。第二,中国高等教育高质量发展水平呈现“东高西低”的地区非均衡特征,表现为从东部地区、东北地区、中部地区、西部地区依次递减的态势;在东部、中部和西部地区内部,各省域高等教育高质量发展水平也存在明显的差异。第三,东部地区高等教育高质量发展的短板为绿色发展和共享发展;东北地区高等教育高质量发展的短板为协调发展和绿色发展;中部地区高等教育高质量发展的短板为创新发展、绿色发展和共享发展;西部地区高等教育高质量发展的短板为创新发展、协调发展和开放发展。最后根据测度结果提出实现中国高等教育高质量发展的对策建议。

Achieving the high-quality development of higher education is an essential requirement for strengthening education in the new era.Based on the new development concept,the entropy weight method and TOPSIS method were used to measure the level of high-quality development in higher education in 31 provinces of China in 2020.The study found that:(1)There are notable disparities in the level of high-quality development of higher education among China's provinces,with Jiangsu,Beijing,and Shanghai exhibiting significantly higher levels compared to other provinces.(2)The high-quality development of higher education in China demonstrates a regional imbalance known as the"high in the east and low in the west"phenomenon.This trend is characterized by a gradual decrease in development from the eastern region to the northeastern,central,and western regions.Additionally,within each of these regions,there are substantial differences in the level of high-quality development of higher education among the provinces.(3)The shortcomings of high-quality development of higher education in the eastern region are green development and shared development;the shortcomings of high-quality development of higher education in the northeastern region are coordinated development and green development;the shortcomings of the high-quality development of higher education in the central region are innovative development,green development and shared development;and the shortcomings of the high-quality development of higher education in the western region are innovative development,coordinated development and open development.Finally,based on the measurement results,policy suggestions are proposed to achieve high-quality development in higher education in China.