现代男篮比赛中球员贡献率的发展动态研究

A Study on the Development Dynamics of Player Contribution Rate in Modern Mens Basketball Games

在五人制篮球比赛中,根据场上五名队员各自位置的不同,目前篮球界将其分为组织后卫、得分后卫、小前锋、大前锋和中锋,在不同位置上各司其职,对于整个球队竞技水平的贡献作用也不尽相同。近年来,随着运动员竞技技能和身体素质的发展,以及球队技战术发展指导思想的不断变革,场上各个位置对全队竞技水平的贡献也发生了变化。本研究拟根据国际篮联公布的近三次世界级大赛,即世界杯赛和奥运会篮球赛的技术统计数据,探讨近年来男篮比赛中,中锋、前锋和后卫对全队竞技水平影响作用的发展动态。得出研究结果:锋卫队员主导进攻,中锋得分减少;球员位置模糊化,进攻体系多元化;攻击性防守盛行,锋卫队员成为防守主力军;锋卫队员篮板球争抢能力提升;后卫队员效率值与比赛影响力大幅提升。并根据后卫、前锋以及中锋三个球员位置提出相对应的三条发展对策:塑造攻守兼备的后卫球员;培养全能型前锋队员;打造空间性内线中锋。

In the Competitive basketball game,according to the different positions of the five players on the court,the basketball world currently divides them into organizational guards,scoring guards,small forwards,big forwards and centers.In recent years,with the development of athletes'competitive skills and physical fitness,as well as the continuous change of the guiding ideology of the team's technical and tactical development,the contribution of various positions on the field to the competitive level of the whole team has also changed.Based on the technical statistics of the last three world-class competitions released by FIBA,namely the World Cup and the Olympic Games,this study aims to explore the development trends of the influence of centers,forwards and guards on the competitive level of the whole team in mens basketball games in recent years.The results of the study showed that the forward guards dominated the attack,and the center scored less;Players are fuzzy in their positions and their offensive systems are diversified;Offensive defense prevailed,and the front guards became the main force of defense;Balanced rebounding contribution rate of each players position;Defenders'efficiency and game impact have been greatly improved.According to the three player positions of defender,forward and center,three corresponding development strategies are proposed:shaping defenders with both offense and defense;Cultivating all-round strikers;Create a spatial interior center.