呼吸道病原体采集新设备的设计

Design of a New Device for Respiratory Pathogen Collection

常规呼吸道样本采样方式主要是口咽拭子、鼻咽拭子,口咽拭子需拭子棒接触咽后壁、颚扁桃体的充血部位;鼻咽拭子需拭子棒插入鼻腔,这两种方式均会引起受试者强烈的不适感,可能会对其造成一定的损伤。本研究设计的呼出气采集装备是一款通过采集检测对象呼出气病原微生物的装备,2 min内完成采样,检测对象可一次或多次吹气,装备显示屏可显示采样进度,进度条满格后则采样完成,具有操作简单、采集时间快、采集无创性、舒适度高、适用场景范围广、减少医护人员被动感染几率、适用于规模化采集等优点。呼出气和咽拭子采集样本中的新型冠状病毒核酸检测一致性为95.65%。呼出气采集装备的研发更新了呼吸道病原体采集的方法,为国境口岸出入境人员呼吸道传播疾病的多病共防提供了新的工具,为筑牢口岸卫生检疫防线提供了新的思路。

The conventional respiratory sampling methods mainly include oropharyngeal and nasopharyngeal swabs,while the former requires swab rods to contact the congested areas of the posterior pharyngeal wall and tonsils,and the latter requires swab rods to be inserted into the nasal cavity,both of which can cause strong discomfort to the testee and cause certain damage.The exhaled breath collection device designed in this study is one that collects pathogenic microorganisms in the exhaled breath of the test object.The sampling can be done within 2 minutes,and the testee may blow air once or multiple times.The display screen of the device can show the sampling progress,and the sampling is completed when the progress bar is full.It has advantages of simple operation,fast collection time,non-invasive collection,high comfort,wide applicability,low probability of passive infection for medical staff,and is suitable for large-scale collection.The consistency of SARS-CoV-2 acid detection in exhaled breath and oropharyngeal swab samples is 95.65%.The research and development of the exhaled breath collection device has renewed the method of respiratory pathogen col-lection,providing a new tool for simultaneous prevention of multiple respiratory diseases among entry-exit personnel at border ports and a new way of strengthening health and quarantine at ports.