世界卫生组织推动学龄儿童健康饮食的经验及启示

Experiences and implications of promoting healthy eating in school-aged children by World Health Organization

为促进学校膳食高质量发展,文章系统分析了世界卫生组织(WHO)颁布的《推动学校健康膳食的政策报告》,介绍了通过改变膳食的物理环境与调整膳食信息提供的手段,明确了基础调研—确定目标—确立方案—实施轻推—评估效果的五级实施步骤,指出了中国学校膳食发展正面临学校营养结构不合理、营养供给不平衡、学生营养意识较低、双重营养不良负担严重等现实困境。提出了合理使用轻推手段来帮助学生养成科学饮食习惯、加强学校健康教育、降低学生双重营养不良负担的经验启示。

In order to promote the high-quality development of school meals,the article systematically analyzes the Policy Report on Promoting Healthy Meals in Schools issued by World Health Organization(WHO),introduces ways of changing the physical environment of meals and adjusting the provision of dietary information,clarifies the five steps of basic research-goals setting-action plans-implementation-impact evaluation,and points out that the development of school meals in China is facing the realistic difficulties such as unreasonable school nutrition structure,unbalanced nutrition supply,low nutritional awareness of students and serious double malnutrition burden.The paper puts forward the enlightenment of reasonable use of nudge to help students develop scientific eating habits,strengthen school health education,and reduce students'double burden of malnutrition.