儿童睡眠期间卧室夜间光暴露与体质量指数关联的随访研究

Follow-up study of the association between bedroom light at night exposure and body mass index in children

目的探讨儿童睡眠期间卧室夜间光(LAN)暴露与1年后随访体质量指数(BMI)的关联,为预防儿童肥胖提供新策略。方法于2021年12月—2022年5月采用整群随机抽样方法在安徽省滁州市天长市2所小学648名儿童中开展LAN暴露测量,使用便携式照度计评估儿童睡眠期间卧室LAN暴露,并于2022年5月开展问卷调查和体格检查,采用多元线性回归模型分析睡眠期间不同时段卧室LAN暴露与1年随访(2023年5月)BMI变化量的关联。结果儿童睡眠期间平均LAN暴露为1.11(0.35,3.24)lx,27.5%的儿童睡眠期间LAN≥3 lx,19.0%的儿童睡眠期间LAN≥5 lx。多元线性回归分析结果显示,调整性别、基线年龄、睡眠时长、家庭月收入、母亲学历后,睡后1 h LAN≥3 lx和睡后1 h LAN≥5 lx组儿童1年后随访BMI分别增加0.25和0.34 kg/m^(2)[β值(95%CI)分别为0.25(0.05~0.44),0.34(0.12~0.55),P值均<0.05]。结论儿童睡眠期间卧室夜间LAN暴露与1年随访BMI变化量存在正关联。降低睡眠期间卧室LAN暴露水平可能是预防儿童肥胖的有效措施之一。

Objective To explore the association between bedroom light at night(LAN)exposure and body mass index(BMI)in children at 1-year follow-up,so as to provide new strategies for obesity prevention.Methods From December 2021 to May 2022,cluster random sampling was conducted,involving 648 children from two primary schools in Tianchang,Chuzhou City,Anhui Province,China,to assess bedroom LAN exposure of children during sleep.A questionnaire survey and physical examination were carried out in May 2022.Multivariate linear regression was performed to analyze the correlation between bedroom LAN exposure and BMI variable quantity at 1-year follow-up(May,2023).Results The median intensity of bedroom LAN exposure during the sleep episode was[1.11(0.35,3.24)lx]in children.The proportion of the sample exposed to an average light intensity of≥3 lx was 27.5%,while 19.0%was exposed to a LAN intensity of≥5 lx during the sleep episode.In the multivariable linear regression,after adjusting for covariates,including sex,baseline age,sleep duration,family monthly income,and maternal education level,exposure to a 1 h-average post-bedtime LAN intensity of≥3 lx(β=0.25,95%CI=0.05-0.44)and LAN≥5 lx(β=0.34,95%CI=0.12-0.55)was associated with a gain of 0.25 and 0.34 kg/m^(2),respectively,in the children's BMI at the 1-year follow-up(P<0.05).Conclusions A positive correlation was found between bedroom LAN exposure and BMI variable quantity at 1-year follow-up in children.Thus,reduced bedroom LAN exposure might be useful for interventions aimed at obesity prevention.